Navigational Growth Mindset Scale (He & Hegarty, 2020) All statements are answered on a 7-point agreement scale. A higher average score indicates more navigational growth mindset (i.e., they believe that navigation is an ability that can be improved), and a lower average score indicates less navigational growth mindset (i.e., they do not believe that navigation ability can be improved/it is more stable or fixed). Unless otherwise specified in the statements below, the responses are scored in the following manner: - Strongly agree (1) - Agree (2) - Somewhat agree (3) - Neither agree nor disagree (4) - Somewhat disagree (5) - Disagree (6) - Strongly disagree (7) Participants are given the following instructions, with 8 statements: Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statements: 1. I have a certain amount of navigation ability, and I can’t really do much to change it. 2. My navigation ability is something about me that I can’t change very much. 3. To be honest, I can’t really change how good I am at tasks related to navigation ability. 4. I can gradually get familiar with a new environment, but I can’t really change my basic navigation ability. 5. No matter who I am, I can significantly change my navigation ability. (reverse-scored) 6. I can always substantially change how good I am at navigating. (reverse-scored) 7. No matter how much navigation ability I have I can always change it quite a bit. (reverse-scored) 8. I can change even my basic navigation ability considerably. (reverse-scored)