Understanding movement patterns of rodent pests is essential for planning management strategies. Currently, for many rural village contexts, there is limited information on how rodents move between domestic, peridomestic areas and the surrounding habitats. We investigated movement of the multimammate rat, Mastomys natalensis and the black rat, Rattus rattus in nine villages in Kilombero District, Tanzania. We used Rhodamine B (RhB) baits placed inside houses (R. rattus preferred habitat) in 5 villages and placed outside (M. natalensis preferred habitat) in 4 villages. A trapping study allowed us to identify which animals had consumed RhB bait, and determine the minim distance between each captured animal and the nearest RhB bait station. This dataset contains the information on the captured animals for the 9 villages.