This work introduces the Information-Cognitive Compression Field (ICCF) framework, a unified theoretical structure that provides a causal, entropic, and topological description of dark energy and cosmological phenomena. By deriving key physical constants such as the cosmological constant (Λ), coupling constant (κ ≈ 0.35), and the entropy-sealing radius (R₀), this theory bridges quantum mechanics, general relativity, and thermodynamics. The ICCF framework links causal compression processes with the structure of spacetime, showing how dark energy arises naturally from the dynamics of the universe. A novel aspect of this work is the connection between the evolution of cosmological constants and the compression tensor's behavior, which offers new insights into the accelerated expansion of the universe. The study also proposes experimental tests, including future surveys and collider experiments, to verify ICCF predictions. Through interdisciplinary connections with quantum information theory, particle physics, and computational cosmology, this work opens avenues for exploring the role of information and compression in understanding the fundamental nature of reality.