This component includes the analysis script **AnalyseTasks.Rmd**, which presents the analysis for the registered report. **AnalyseTasks.html** shows the output of this script, including results of the analysis and plots of raw data. In addition, there are data files available in this component. These include: **AQ10.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the 10-item version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ-10). **ARQreading.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the 5 items of the reading scale of the Adult Reading Questionnaire (ARQ). Two additional questions were included in this questionnaire, and data for these questions are included in the final two columns. Individuals were asked whether they had more difficulty than other children in learning (1) to read and (2) to spell. Responses for these questions are coded as 0 (no), 1 (a little more difficulty) and 2 (a lot more difficulty). **ASRS5.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Adult ADHD Self-Report Screening Scale for DSM-5 (ASRS-5). **CCSRpragmatic.csv** This shows item-level and summary scores on the pragmatic scale of the Communication Checklist - Self Report (CC-SR). In the final columns, raw totals, number of items not given an answer, corrected totals, and standardised z-scores are shown for each participant. Corrected totals show final scores on the measure: where participants have answered all items, the corrected total equals the raw total; where participants have answered all but one or two items, raw totals have been prorated; where participants have left three or more items missing, corrected totals have been recorded as invalid (NA) as suggested by the test manual. Z-scores have been computed from corrected totals according to the manual. **GAD7.miniSPIN.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN). **GDT.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Grammaticality Decision Test (GDT). For each of the 50 items, there are columns for: - Response: whether the participant said *Yes*, *No*, *Maybe Yes*, or *Maybe No* for the item. - Accuracy: whether the participant gave the "correct" answer to the item, irrespective of whether they gave a *Maybe* response. Therefore, if Yes is the correct answer to an item, both *Yes* and *Maybe Yes* are coded as accurate (1), and vice versa. - Confidence: whether the participant gave a confident response to the item. If the participant gave a *Maybe* response, this is coded as 0; otherwise as 1. - RT: reaction time is given in milliseconds from onset of the screen where participants click their answer. The final three columns give total scores across the test for accuracy and confidence, and also indicate how many items participants took more than 10s before responding. The test was originally going to have a 10-second limit for responding but this was not included when the test was administered in the study. **ICAR.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Sample Test produced by the International Cognitive Ability Resource (ICAR). This is a test of general cognitive ability with four subtests: verbal reasoning, letter-number sequences, matrix reasoning and object rotation. **ICT.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Implicature Comprehension Test (ICT-2). For each of the 56 items, there are the same four columns as the GDT (see above). Columns for total scores are also the same as the GDT, except that there is one additional column for accuracy on the 16 control items integrated into the test. **IUS12.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale - Short Form (IUS-12). Totals include a raw total and a corrected total that has been prorated to account for missing items. **Participant.info.csv** This shows group allocation for each participant as well as gender. Gender is coded as Female=1. Where participants indicated they were male, non-binary, agender/mixed gender, or transgender without further details, this was coded as 0. Group allocation is as follows: - Clin.Diag.Aut: the participant reported a clinical diagnosis of autism. - Self-Diag.Aut: the participant indicated that they identified as autistic but did not have a formal diagnosis. - NonAut.HighAQ: participants did not report an autism diagnosis or identify as autistic but scored 6 or above on the AQ-10. This group is excluded from the main analysis. - Reading.Diffs: participants either reported a dyslexia diagnosis or scored 6 or above on the ARQ reading scale. Participants meeting these criteria but with a high AQ-10 score have been included in the NonAut.HighAQ group. - Control: participants did not report neurodevelopmental diagnoses and had scores of 6 or below on the AQ-10 and ARQ reading scale. **Vocab.csv** This shows item-level and total scores on the Synonyms Test. NAs indicate time-outs and are scored as 0 when calculating the total scores.