The NEO Personality Inventories by Costa and McCrae have been successful commercial measures for decades, and much research attests to their reliability, validity, and utility. However, the costs of commercial five-factor inventories such as the NEO PI-R are a serious issue for researchers doing personality research without large fundings. Another problem with commercial measures is the inflexibility; copyright disallows partial or edited versions of a measure. To overcome the drawbacks of commercial measures, Lewis R. Goldberg of the Oregon Research Institute (ORI) created a set of public domain items called the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP). By administering items from the IPIP along with the NEO PI and other commercial inventories to a community sample, the ORI researchers were able to construct reliable scales that correlate strongly with scales from commercial inventories, including a 300-item analog for the NEO PI, or IPIP-NEO. Johnson (2014) created a 120-item version of the IPIP-NEO, the IPIP-NEO-120, to provide researchers with a less time-demanding yet still comprehensive five-factor measure. In order to create a Danish open-source five-factor personality measure, we decided to translate and validate the IPIP-NEO-120 by Johnson. This project led to the publication:
The Danish IPIP-NEO-120: A free, validated five-factor measure of personality:
https://doi.org/10.1080/19012276.2018.1470553