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Separating content trait and varying thresholds in IRT approaches accounting for response styles
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Description: IRT models with varying thresholds account for response styles by treating each threshold as a random effect. However, it usually constrains trait and thresholds to be unrelated: an assumption that is likely to be violated in empirical data. I propose a sum-to-zero constraint for varying threshold models that separates trait and response style effects and allows for the full estimation of the variance-covariance matrix. The new modeling approach is relevant for psychometric and applied researchers: it increases the informative value of varying threshold models while applying minimal a priori assumptions. R Code to estimate the new model with the package TAM is provided in this repository.
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