### Does the opportunity to signal open practices lead to increased accessibility of data and materials? **Abstract:** Beginning January 2014, *Psychological Science* gave authors the opportunity to signal open data and materials if they qualified for badges that accompanied published articles. Before badges, less than 3% of *Psychological Science* articles reported open data. After badges, 23% reported open data, with an accelerating trend; 39% reported open data in the first half of 2015, an increase of more than an order of magnitude from baseline. There was no change over time in the low rates of data sharing among comparison journals. Moreover, reporting openness does not guarantee openness. When badges were earned, reportedly available data were more likely to be actually available, correct, usable, and complete than when badges were not earned. Open materials also increased to a weaker degree, and there was more variability among comparison journals. Badges are simple, effective signals to promote open practices and improve preservation of data and materials by using independent repositories. **Citation:** Kidwell, M. C., Lazarevic, L. B., Baranski, E., Hardwicke, T. E., Piechowski, S., Falkenberg, L-S., Kennett, C., Slowik, A., Sonnleitner, C., Hess-Holden, C., Errington, T. M., Fiedler, S., & Nosek, B. A. (2016). *[Badges to acknowledge open practices: A simple, low-cost, effective method for increasing transparency][1]. PLoS Biology, 14*(5), e1002456. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002456 ### Table of Contents [Summary Report][2]: Read the open access *PLoS Biology* article summarizing the results of this meta-research project. [Materials][3]: Explore the materials used to code the population of articles studied. [Data][4]: Access the full dataset and corresponding bibliographic metadata. [Analysis][5]: Reproduce the findings reported in the manuscript, read the [analysis plan][6] prior to data collection, or view the project's [preregistration][7]. [Figures][8]: Download the publication's figures or recreate them with the corresponding R scripts. Questions about the project can be directed to <a href="mailto:mallory@cos.io">mallory@cos.io</a> or <a href="mailto:mallory.kidwell@utah.edu">mallory.kidwell@utah.edu</a>. ### Interested in Badges? [Getting Started Guide for Journal Editors][9]: Read our step-by-step guide for journal editors to find out more about how to adopt badges and integrate them into your journal's current workflow. [Getting Started Guide for Authors][10]: Read our step-by-step guide for authors to learn more about how to apply for a badge or encourage your favorite journal to adopt badges. [View the Badges][11]: Learn more about the badges, including the criteria to earn each badge. [Awarding Badges][12]: Read more about how to incorporate badges into your publication workflow. [Adoptions and Endorsements][13]: See which journals and organizations currently support badges. [Badges FAQ][14]: Browse a list of the most frequently asked questions about badges. Questions about adopting or endorsing badges can be directed to <a href="mailto:badges@cos.io">badges@cos.io</a>. ### Additional Resources [Center for Open Science][15]: Learn more about the organization that facilitated the project and its initiatives to increase the transparency and reproducibility of research. [Open Science Framework][16]: Get started using the free, open-source Open Science Framework for your own project management, archiving, manuscript sharing, and research registration. [TOP Guidelines][17]: Become a signatory of the Transparency and Openness Promotion Guidelines, a collective effort to improve transparency and reproducibility across disciplines. [Preregistration Challenge][18]: 1,000 researchers will win $1,000 each for publishing results of preregistered research. Take the challenge today! [Registered Reports][19]: Learn more about a peer review structure that emphasizes the importance of the research question and the quality of methodology. [1]: http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002456 [2]: http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002456 [3]: https://osf.io/8kt4b/wiki/home/ [4]: https://osf.io/u6g7t/wiki/home/ [5]: https://osf.io/257kv/ [6]: https://osf.io/2senq/wiki/home/ [7]: https://osf.io/ipkea/ [8]: https://osf.io/c8zrq/ [9]: https://osf.io/k6fxs/ [10]: https://osf.io/6kqet/ [11]: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/1.%20View%20the%20Badges/ [12]: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/3.%20Incorporating%20Badges%20into%20Publication%20Workflow/ [13]: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/5.%20Adoptions%20and%20Endorsements/ [14]: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/7.%20Frequently%20Asked%20Questions/ [15]: http://cos.io [16]: http://osf.io [17]: https://cos.io/top/ [18]: https://cos.io/prereg/ [19]: https://osf.io/8mpji/wiki/home/