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Description: Healthcare providers often underestimate patients’ pain, sometimes even when aware of their reports. This could be the effect of experience reducing sensitivity to others pain, or distrust towards patients’ self-evaluations. Across multiple experiments (375 participants), we tested whether senior medical students differed from younger colleagues and lay controls in the way they assess people’s pain and take into consideration their feedback. We found that medical training affected the sensitivity to pain faces, an effect shown by the lower ratings and highlighted by a decrease in neural response of the insula and cingulate cortex. Instead, distrust towards the expressions’ authenticity affected the processing of feedbacks, by decreasing activity in the ventral striatum whenever patients’ self-reports matched participants’ evaluations, and by promoting strong reliance on the opinion of other doctors. Overall, our study underscores the multiple processes which might influence the evaluation of others’ pain at the early stages of medical career. This provide data and analysis code for the manuscript: Dirupo, G., Totaro, S., Richard, J., & Corradi-Dell'Acqua, C. (2020). Medical education and distrust modulate the response of insular-cingulate network and ventral striatum in pain diagnosis. eLife Sciences. doi: 10.7554/eLife.63272 - Preprint @ PsyArXiv: doi: 10.31234/osf.io/uz9rd Group-Level brain activity associated with the Experiment are available at https://neurovault.org/collections/9006/