,Previous literature on the Visual World Paradigm (VWP) has shown that the processing of sentences is constrained by the visual environment in which they are presented. The current study reports the results of an eye-tracking study using the VWP to investigate online processing of syntactic structure during the look-and-listen procedure. We investigated how linguistic information influences the interpretation of syntactic complexity and the distance in Turkish sentence processing. We hypothesized that (1) auditory-visual information is sensitive to online processing of syntactic complexity in subject-relative clauses (SRCs), (2) distance between preverbal and postverbal positions is critical for incremental processing between long and short sentences, and (3) syntactic information and working memory (WM) may share separate mental representations during online sentence processing. 57 healthy Turkish native speakers were randomly presented with 240 sentences manipulated for syntactic complexity (nested vs. linear) and distance (short vs. long) in VWP. Our results for the distance effect showed that, on average, participants fixated longer on the preverbal position than on the postverbal position, in contrast to the results for syntactic complexity. A forward digit-span task administered prior to the main task did not show an interaction between WM capacity and syntactic processing. The overall results suggest that the mechanisms of syntactic structure and WM may operate with different cognitive representations.