Using a visual world eye-tracking paradigm, the present study investigated
whether Italian-German bilingual children use the grammatical gender of the
determiner to predict the upcoming noun, whether processing is delayed if
there is a mismatch in gender between the two languages, and whether
processing efficiency and cross-linguistic influence are related to
relative language proficiency. Our results provide evidence for rapid
incremental processing of grammatical gender in bilingual children,
although gender incongruency between German and Italian delayed
anticipation. Moreover, our findings confirm that language dominance
matters; Italian-dominant children showed more anticipation and less
interference from German when processing Italian sentences.