Participants first read: How old are you? [18-90 or above dropdown list] Then, participants are randomly assigned to either fill out the individual differences first or the kids these days scales first. Individual Differences measures [all administered in random order, each scale on a separate page] Psychopathy: (Webster & Jonasen, 2013; see also Kajonius et al., 2016) Please rate yourself on the items below using a scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree [all items in random order on an unnumbered 7-point scale from 7=Strongly agree Agree Somewhat agree Neither agree nor disagree Somewhat disagree Disagree to 1=Strongly disagree] I tend to lack remorse I tend to be unconcerned with the morality of my actions I tend to be callous or insensitive I tend to be cynical Narcissism & Entitlement (Ames et al., 2006; Kubarych et al., 2004) This inventory consists of a number of pairs of statements with which you may or may not identify. Consider this example: I like having authority over people I don't mind following orders Which of these two statements is closer to your own feelings about yourself? If you identify more with "liking to have authority over people" than with "not minding following orders", then you would choose that option. You may identify with both options. In this case you should choose the statement which seems closer to yourself. Or, if you do not identify with either statement, select the one which is least objectionable or remote. In other words, read each pair of statements and then choose the one that is closer to your own feelings. Indicate your answer by selecting the item. Please do not skip any items and be honest about your answers. [all items in random order, all items listed first scored as 0, all participants saw each item i random order responses] [Narcissism items] I know that I am good because everybody keeps telling me so. When people compliment me I sometimes get embarrassed. I like to be the center of attention. I prefer to blend in with the crowd. I think I am a special person. I am no better or nor worse than most people. I like having authority over people. I don’t mind following orders. I insist upon getting the respect that is due me. I usually get the respect that I deserve. I am apt to show off if I get the chance. I try not to be a show off. I always know what I am doing. Sometimes I am not sure of what I am doing. Everybody likes to hear my stories. Sometimes I am not sure of what I am doing. I expect a great deal from other people. I like to do things for other people. I really like to be the center of attention. It makes me uncomfortable to be the center of attention. I am going to be a great person. I hope I am going to be successful. I can make anybody believe anything I want them to. People sometimes believe what I tell them. I am more capable than other people. There is a lot that I can learn from other people. I am an extraordinary person. I am much like everybody else. [entitlement items] I have a natural talent for influencing people. I am not good at influencing people. If I ruled the world it would be a better place. The thought of ruling the world frightens the hell out of me. I see myself as a good leader. I am not sure if I would make a good leader. I like to have authority over other people. I don't mind following orders. I will never be satisfied until I get all that I deserve. I take my satisfactions as they come. I have a strong will to power. Power for its own sake doesn't interest me.People always seem to recognize my authority. Being an authority doesn't mean that much to me. I would prefer to be a leader. It makes little difference to me whether I am a leader or not. I am a born leader. Leadership is a quality that takes a long time to develop. [items shared by both the Narcissism scale and the Entitlement scale] I find it easy to manipulate people. I don't like it when I find myself manipulating people. People always seem to recognize my authority. Being an authority doesn't mean that much to me. Machiavellianism: (Webster & Jonasen, 2013; see also Kajonius et al., 2016) Please rate yourself on the items below using a scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree [all items in random order on an unnumbered scale from 7=Strongly agree Agree Somewhat agree Neither agree nor disagree Somewhat disagree Disagree to 1=Strongly disagree] I tend to manipulate others to get my way I have used deceit or lied to get my way I have used flattery to get my way I tend to exploit others towards my own end Brief Self-control Scale (Maloney et al., 2012) Please indicate how much each of the following statements describe you. [all items in random order on an unnumbered 5-point scale from 0=Not at all like me A little like me Somewhat like me Mostly like me to 5=Very much like me] I am good at resisting temptation I have a hard time breaking bad habits I wish I had more self-discipline People would say that I have iron self-discipline I do certain things that are bad for me, if they are fun Pleasure and fun sometimes keep me from getting work done I have trouble concentrating Sometimes I can’t stop myself from doing something, even if I know it is wrong I often act without thinking through all the alternatives Kids These Days questions Participants first fill out the base questions for all of the kids these days topics. We would like to know your thoughts about children [all topics in random order and all response options in fixed order and unnumbered] Do you think the children today are more entitled, less entitled, or equally as entitled as children were when you were a child? [Less than they used to be The same amount as they used to be More than they used to be] Do you think the children today are better at controlling themselves, worse at controlling themselves, or the same at controlling themselves as children could when you were a child? [Better than they used to The same amount as they used to be Worse than they used to] Do you think children today are less manipulative, more manipulative, or equally manipulative as children were when you were a child? [Less than they used to be The same amount as they used to be More than they used to be] Do you think children today are more concerned about the morality of their actions, less concerned about the morality of their actions, or equally concerned about the morality of their actions as children were when you were a child? [More concerned than they used to be The same amount as they used to be Less concerned than they used to be] Do you think children today are less narcissistic, more narcissistic, or equally narcissistic as children were when you were a child? [Less than they used to be The same amount as they used to be More than they used to be] Afterwards, on the next page, for every question particiapnts did not answer 'equal to [coded as 0]' on the kids these days questions, they will be asked to expand in to how much better or worse they believe children to be. All questions are presented in random order on unnumbered scales. How much more entitled do you think children today are compared to children when you were a child? [a lot more somewhat more a little more] How much less entitled do you think children today are compared to children when you were a child? [a lot less somewhat less a little less] How much worse do you think children today are at controlling themselves than children when you were a child? [a lot worse somewhat worse a little worse] How much better do you think children today are at controlling themselves than children when you were a child? [a lot better somewhat better a little better] How much more manipulative do you think children of today are than children when you were a child? [a lot more somewhat more a little more] How much less manipulative do you think children of today are than children when you were a child? [a lot less somewhat less a little less] How much less concerned about the morality of their actions do you think children today are than children when you were a child? [a lot less somewhat less a little less] How much more concerned about the morality of their actions do you think children today are than children when you were a child? [a lot more somewhat more a little more] How much more narcissistic do you think children today are than children were when you were a child? [a lot more somewhat more a little more] How much less narcissistic do you think children of today are than children when you were a child? [a lot less somewhat less a little less] Next, participants will enter the part of the experiment concerned with trying ot manipulate their implicit theories of change for respect for the elderly. Participants read: On the next pages we will ask you about what you think happens to a number of different traits as we age and grow older form childhood into the elderly. Below you will see 3 different graphs. Each graph represents one pattern of what happens to a trait as we age. As an example, let's use how religious someone is. The first graph would mean you think people get more and more religious as they age. The second graph would mean you think people get less and less religious as they age. The third graph would mean you think people do not change in how religious they are as they age. What do you think happens to how religious people are throughout their lives? Please select the option that most closely matches what you think happens. [picture of increasing, decreasing, or flat] On the next page Thank you, on the next pages you will be asked about your beliefs in change over the life on a number of different topics. To make sure you fully understand how to answer, please select below the option that shows a decrease in a trait across the lifespan. [3 pictures: Increasing, decreasing, and flat. Any participant who does not select 'decreasing' will be removed from the analysis for the next part of the experiment] Here, participants are randomly assigned to one of 3 conditions, flat, increasing, or a control. Those in the flat or increasing condition read: Next we are going to show you an article about respect for authority. Please take a couple of minutes are read the article thoroughly. We will ask you some questions about the article afterwards to make sure you have read it. Then read the fake article (see files). Next, all participants read: According to the article you just read, how does the trajectory of respect for authority look like throughout the lifespan? [3 options, increasing, decreasing, or flat; participants coded as 1 if they are correct, 0 otherwise] Those in the control condition first fill out the KTD respect question before reading one of the articles and answering the attention check. KTD Respect question: Compared to when you were a child: Do you think children today are more respectful of elders, less respectful, or equally respectful as children were when you were a child? [unnumbered scale from -3=a lot more respectful -2=somewhat more respectful -1=a little more respectful 0=equally respectful 1=a little less respectful 2=somewhat less respectful 3=a lot less respectful]. Afterwards, participants will fill out a seriousness check and a captcha. Seriousness check (Aust et al., 2013) It would be very helpful if you could tell us at this point whether you have taken part seriously, so that we can use your answers for our scientific analysis, or whether you were just clicking through to take a look at the survey? You will still be compensated no matter your answer. [unnumbered responses 0=I have participated in this survey seriously; 1=I have just clicked through, please throw my data away] **References** Ames, D. R., Rose, P., & Anderson, C. P. (2006). The NPI-16 as a short measure of narcissism. *Journal of research in personality*, 40(4), 440-450. Aust, F., Diedenhofen, B., Ullrich, S., & Musch, J. (2013). Seriousness checks are useful to improve data validity in online research. *Behavior research methods*, 45(2), 527-535. Kajonius, P. J., Persson, B. N., Rosenberg, P., & Garcia, D. (2016). The (mis) measurement of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: exploitation at the core of the scale. *PeerJ*, 4, e1748. Kubarych, T. S., Deary, I. J., & Austin, E. J. (2004). The Narcissistic Personality Inventory: Factor structure in a non-clinical sample. *Personality and individual differences*, 36(4), 857-872. Maloney, P. W., Grawitch, M. J., & Barber, L. K. (2012). The multi-factor structure of the Brief Self-Control Scale: Discriminant validity of restraint and impulsivity. Journal of *Research in Personality*, 46(1), 111-115. Webster, G. D., & Jonason, P. K. (2013). Putting the “IRT” in “Dirty”: Item Response Theory analyses of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen—An efficient measure of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. *Personality and Individual Differences*, 54(2), 302-306.