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The purpose of this study is to test competing hypotheses arisen from study 1 of why people are willing to punish people less for self-control failure that arose from brain damage but not from genes. Participants will first fill out the information sheet. Then, they will be told: Please imagine the following hypothetical scenario They will then be randomly assigned to one of seven conditions: TBI non-specific J--- is a American adult who suffered minor brain damage as an adult. The only effect was the brain damage left J--- with permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. Genes for J--- is a American adult who was born with genes for permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. Genes specific J--- is a American adult who was born with a rare genetic mutation on part of a gene called rs16838844. The only effect of this mutation left J-- with permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. Gene rare J--- is a American adult who was born with a rare genetic mutation. The only effect of this mutation left J-- with permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. TBI womb J--- is a American adult who's mother was in a car accident while she was pregnant with J---. This left him being born with minor brain damage. The only effect was the brain damage left J--- with permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. Control J--- is a American adult. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. TBI adult specific J--- is a American adult who was in a car accident as an adult that led to minor brain damage. The only effect was the brain damage left J--- with permanent below-average self-control. One day, he gets into a heated argument with a stranger. Unable to resist, he punches the man in the face so hard, the man goes permanently blind in one eye. Afterwards, participants will be asked the following: Would you find J--- guilty of assault and battery? [yes/no] On a separate page: Assume J--- is found guilty. This crime is punishable by up to five years in prison or on probation. Would you recommend J-- go to prison or be put on probation? [prison/probation] How much at fault is J--- for the man going blind in one eye? [1-5 unnumbere Likert scale, 1=None at all, 2=A little, 3=A moderate amount, 4=A lot, 5=A great deal] How much should the victim blame J--- for making him go blind in one eye? [1-5 unnumbered Likert scale, 1=None at all, 2=A little, 3=A moderate amount, 4=A lot, 5=A great deal] On a separate page How much self-control did J-- exert before punching the man? {5-1 unnumbered scale: A great deal, A lot, A moderate amount, A little, None at all Deep down, the true self of J--- is not a violent person [1-7 unnumbered scale strongly disagree to strongly agree] We plan to collect 700 participants 9100 per group) from Amazon Mechanical Turk).
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