**Citation** Colby, S.E., Smith, F.X., & McMurray, B. (2023, submitted). The role of inhibitory control in spoken word recognition: Evidence from cochlear implant users **Abstract** During spoken word recognition, listeners must quickly map sounds to meaning, while suppressing similar sounding competitors. It remains an open question as to whether domain-general inhibitory control is recruited for this process of resolving lexical competition. Cochlear implant users present a unique population with which to address this question because they are consistently confronted with degraded auditory input that is more challenging to process, and therefore may need to rely on domain-general mechanisms to compensate. We therefore examined spoken word recognition in three groups of subjects: CI users who were implanted early in life (prelingual), who were implanted later (post-lingual), and age-matched normal hearing controls. Participants recognized words while their eyes were tracked in the Visual World Paradigm and completed a spatial Stroop task as a measure of non-linguistic inhibitory control. CI users were slower to recognize target words and did not resolve competition as fully as normal-hearing controls. Better inhibitory control predicted faster word activation in NH controls and post-lingual, but not prelingual, CI users. This suggests that prolonged experience with acoustic language may influence how domain-general mechanisms are recruited for language processing. **Contents of OSF Project** This OSF project was created to serve as a permanent data repository for the analyses reported in the above manuscript.