Project Description ------------------- Auditory distraction is known to interfere with serial order maintenance of visually presented information. According to the interference-by-process mechanism of the duplex mechanism account, sound's obligatory access to a serial processing mechanism interferes with the serial repetition of items, a process known as rehearsal. However, questions have recently been raised regarding the extent to which participants actually engage cumulative serial rehearsal processes as well as whether cumulative rehearsal is as beneficial to memory maintenance as originally claimed. The present study decomposed rehearsal into the initial articulatory/phonological recoding of visual stimuli and the cumulative serial repetition of that code in order to determine whether irrelevant sound independently impacts these two serial processes. Concurrent articulation – which limits both recoding and repetition -- eliminated the irrelevant sound effect, but rapid serial visual presentation – which allows for recoding but limits repetition -- actually increased the ISE. This finding suggests that irrelevant sound impacts recoding independently of serial repetition. Exploratory analyses of the steady-state component of the irrelevant sound effect indicate a greater role for attention during rapid serial visual presentation. **Published Communication.** https://doi.org/10.1080/25742442.2020.1842996 . **Data Citation.** See citation list in the top-right corner of the main project page. This OSF project contains the data and analysis script the experiment in our paper. If you would like to use the data in future published work, please cite both the paper and this OSF project. **Ethics Approval.** This project was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Louisiana State University under IRB #E2060. **Contact.** For any further questions or comments, please email Dr. Angela M. AuBuchon at angela.aubuchon@boystown.org **Changes to OSF Page:** (1) This project originally included a second experiment which was later omitted due to editorial decisions. Those data have been moved to their own OSF project (https://osf.io/3eduk/) and will be made public upon acceptance. The project description was also updated to discuss only the remaining experiment and subsequent conclusions. (2) R code corresponding the final version of the manuscript was uploaded.