Background: Evidence-based smoking cessation support tools (EBSTs) can double the chances of quitting, but uptake is low. An online decision aid (DA) could help smokers choose a tool, but it is unclear which smokers are interested in using a DA - limiting adaptation to a suitable target group. It was aimed to identify groups based on their decision-making style and investigate their association with intention to use a DA.
Methods: A cross-sectional study (n=200) was conducted to perform a hierarchical cluster analysis. Decision-making style was measured using the GDMS. Subsequently, clusters were compared on demographic and socio-cognitive characteristics (i.e. attitude) using Mann-Whitney U tests and linear regression. Mediation analyses were conducted to see if membership affected intention via socio-cognitive variables.
Findings: Two clusters were identified; Avoidant Regretters (n=134) were more avoidant, regretful and tended to depend more on others, while Intuitive Non-regretters (n=66) were more spontaneous and intuitive. Additionally, clusters differed on intention, powerful others locus of control, regulatory styles, and attitudes regarding EBSTs. Avoidant Regretters were more interested in using a DA. Cluster membership was significantly related to intention, F(1, 198) = 5.06, p = 0.026, but it ceased to be a significant when other socio-cognitive variables were corrected for. Findings indicate that membership affects intention via socio-cognitive variables.
Discussion: Decision making style can be used to identify distinct groups of smokers and evidence suggests that cluster membership may affect intention through socio-cognitive determinants. This information can be used to inform the development and dissemination of a DA for smokers.