On March 8, 2015, I uploaded the protocol for this project. On March 31, 2015, I uploaded a revised version of the protocol, while I was still conducting the literature search. I added some search terms and outlined a plan for presenting and critiquing results by method of inferring residence patterns. All additions are highlighted in yellow. On April 1-2, 2015, I tried to access the National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and ProQuest COS Conference Paper Index for searching. I previously had access to these resources, but I no longer do, so I did not search in them. On April 3, 2015, I was unable to access the abstracts of the meetings of the Archaeological Institute of America, because they are available only for purchase. On April 6, 2015, I was unable to access the abstracts of the meetings of the Finnish Anthropological Association, due to a lack of permission for public users. On April 29, 2015, I uploaded a revised version of the protocol. After completing most of the literature search and screening of articles, I narrowed the kinds of studies eligible for inclusion on methodological grounds. I also presented detailed plans for quantitative analysis and synthesis of studies to be included in the review. On April 30, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I added a description of an analysis strategy to assess patrilocality in mitochondrial DNA studies (yesterday's version described a strategy for assessing matrilocality only). The revised paragraph is highlighted in blue. I have not begun any analysis yet. On May 8, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I removed the description of the analytic strategy to assess patrilocality in mitochondiral DNA studies. The section in which this strategy was described remains colored blue. I deleted this analytic strategy because I realized that multiple types of residence patterns could produce the same or similar distributions of haplogroups/haplotypes for males and females, including at least patrilocality and bilocality. Consequently, this analytic strategy would produce uninterpretable results. I still have not begun any analysis yet. On May 16, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I described a secondary hypothesis matrix for mitochondrial DNA studies when there are data from multiple neighboring sites. I have not begun any analysis of the mitochondrial DNA studies yet. On June 7, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I described a secondary analysis for isotope studies. Although I have already begun analysis of such studies, I have not inspected the data with respect to the question the secondary analysis would address. On October 1, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I described some additional analyses for mitochondrial DNA studies. The additional analyses may help clarify the interpretation of results, given that these studies are inherently more difficult to interpret than the isotope studies. I have not inspected the data with respect to the questions these additional analyses would address. The new sections of the protocol are highlighted in blue, and all prior changes are highlighted in yellow. On October 2, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I added interpretations of various possible combinations of results, prior to beginning the additional analyses described in yesterday's revision to the protocol. These additions are highlighted in blue, to go along with the additions I highlighted yesterday in blue. On October 28, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I clarified an interpretation of one possible result. This change is highlighted in orange. On November 21, 2015, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I added a plan to search eHRAF World Cultures (database of ethnographies) for material related to burial practices in hunter-gatherers. The results of this search will be used to evaluate my assumptions of what ancient burial sites represent. On January 12, 2016, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. I added a plan to summarize the proportions of individuals classified as local in the strontium isotope studies. I also added a plan for a systematic search of the literature on the reliability of morphologic sex classification relative to genetic assessment for prehistoric hunter-gatherer remains. I will summarize the results quantitatively to assess the extent of measurement error in the morphologic classification of sex. Then I will use the estimate of measurement error to correct for attenuation in the correlations in the strontium isotope studies. On January 13, 2016, I uploaded another revision of the protocol. Before I began the additional analyses of proportions of individuals classified as local in the isotope studies, I realized that the variance estimator I had planned to use was not workable. I searched the literature more thoroughly and found an appropriate method. This change is highlighted in blue. On February 11, 2016, I uploaded a new version of the protocol. I added a plan to compute a pooled correlation for the studies focused on measurement of sex. As I began abstracting these studies, I found reports for which a reliability correlation could not be computed (e.g., due to lack of variation in one method's assessments of individuals' sexes). A single pooled correlation allows all evidence to be included. On February 19, 2016, I uploaded a revised version of my evaluation of the eHRAF excerpts (small amount of new material added). I also uploaded a document with unpublished data on the strontium isotope studies that authors shared with me. On June 6, 2016, I uploaded the article for this project as well as updated supplemental files that include the citation to this article.