Social norms have been shown to have a great influence on human behavior,
including the potential for facilitating beneficial behaviors. Previous
literature in the academic performance field has found sex differences in
compliance to social norms, indicating that women pay attention to
injunctive norms (what is the right thing to do) whereas men are more
attentive to descriptive norms (what most others are doing). The current
study sought to investigate whether sex differences in norm compliance
extend to the context of donating to charity. Participants were given
injunctive and descriptive norm information about the Red Cross and
allotted $100 to donate to the Red Cross, another similar charity, or to
campus improvements. Contrary to our hypothesis, females’ donations and
attitudes varied more according to the descriptive norm than males’ did.
The injunctive norm had a significant effect on both donation amount and
attitudes towards the normed charity. In addition, there was a significant
interaction between injunctive and descriptive norms for donation
attitudes. This research extends previous findings regarding sex
differences in norm compliance but it also suggests that these differences
are context dependent. The findings are discussed in terms of potential
applications to other pro-social behaviors, specifically in situations
where less popular behaviors have a greater positive outcome.