This section contains all of the materials used to run the experimental paradigm. The paradigm was originally created using the Psychopy Builder Standalone version 2020.2.5 (Peirce et al., 2019, Research Methods, https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y). There are two folders in this component. The **Nonwords folder** contains additional information about the nonword stimuli used in the task. That is, the direct output of the WinWordGen 1.0 (Duyck et al., 2004) program (137nonwords.prn - can be opened with Notepad). N.B. that the columns in the file do not contain any headers, so we interpreted the meaning of each column to the best of our knowledge. The first column contained a list of generated nonwords, the second column a list of 0's, the third column the number of French words used to generate the nonword, the following 2-10 columns the actual French words mixed together to generate the nonwords. We are not certain about the contents of the rest of the columns, as the file is automatically generated by the WinWordGen 1.0 software, but have added a screencap of the parameters we defined in the software (WinWordGen_parameters.png; only yellow-highlighted parameters are the ones that we defined - the rest are default values). This folder also contains a list of words verified by a native French speaker and chosen for the study (137nonwords_checked.xlsx). The file has a column with the nonwords from the first column of 137nonwords.prn, a column with actual French words that the nonwords might be similar to, which would disqualify them from being chosen for the study. Nonwords that were chosn as stimuli for the study are highlighted in yellow. The **Task folder** includes all of the files needed to run the task in Psychopy. This includes ExpCond.xlsx, that defines the experimental parameters that the .psyexp file needs to run the experiment. The exact stimuli used in the task are in the images subfolder (described in the manuscript). MemDecoding.psyexp is the Psychopy file that runs the experiment via the Psychopy Builder Standalone GUI. MemDecoding.py, MemDecoding_lastrun.py, and readme.md are automatically generated by Psychopy Builder Standalone, and are necessary to run the experiment. ExpCond.xlsx contains the following information: - Category: the label of the item category (labels 'visual', 'spatial', or 'verbal') - SameDiff: whether the image at Sensory is the same or different as the image at Probe (labels 'same' or 'diff') - Sensory: the path to the image shown at the Sensory period of the paradigm - Probe: the path to the image shown at the Probe period of the paradigm - CRESP: the correct keyborad response (labels 'k' for same, and 'd' for different) - trigger: numerical labels for the EEG trigger marking the onset of the Sensory period (1=visual-same, 2=visual-different, 3=spatial-same, 4=spatial-different, 5=verbal-same, 6=verbal-different) - trigger2: (11=visual-same, 12=visual-different, 13=spatial-same, 14=spatial-different, 15=verbal-same, 16=verbal-different)