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People differ in the way they experience their work. While some may feel called to a particular occupation, others will perceive their job as a means to extrinsic goals, such as gaining power or money or even pursuing personally significant activities during their leisure time. A calling is an inner drive toward a specific meaningful life role, experienced as a transcendent summons and characterized by passion, personal fulfillment and motivation. Calling is a multidimensional construct: many definitions in the literature agree on its multi-factorial structure, although there is no agreement as to what these factors are. According to Dobrow and Tosti-Kharas (2011), calling is “a consuming, meaningful passion people experience toward a domain” (p. 1005). Instead, according to Dik and Duffy (2009), “A calling is a transcendent summons, experienced as originating beyond the self, to approach a particular life role in a manner oriented toward demonstrating or deriving a sense of purpose or meaningfulness and that holds other-oriented values and goals as primary sources of motivation” (p.427). This project has the following main goals: (1) propose a common definition and frame of reference for the study of career calling that integrates previous contributions; (2) analyze how calling changes through time (3) investigate predictors and outcomes of calling over time. To answer these questions, we conducted a longitudinal study involving a sample of 5837 (T1), 1700 (T2), and 881 (T3) college students enrolled at the universities of Padua, Florence, Siena and Naples (Parthenope). Three waves of data were collected across 3 years. Respondents were spread across different programs in 24 study domains.
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