Participants will fill out the 'Author Recognition Test' and the 'kids these days' scale in random order. Author Recognition test: Below you will see a list of names. Some of the people in the list are popular writers (of books, magazine articles, and/or newspaper columns) and some are not. Please read the names and click a check mark next to the names of those individuals who you know to be writers. Do not guess, but only check those who you know to be writers. [foils scored -1, correct authors scored 1, I do not recognize any of these names as authors=9999; all authors presented in random order with 'I do not recognize any of these names as authors' always at the bottom] Marilyn Jager Adams (f) Isaac Asimov Adriana Bus (f) Barbara Cartland James Clavell Ian Fleming Stephen J. Gould Andrew Greeley Lee Gunderson (f) Gay Ivey (f) James Kim (f) Dean Koontz Judith Krantz Louis L'Amour James Michener David Reinking (f) Mark Sadoski (f) Timothy Shanahan (f) Sidney Sheldon Danielle Steel J.R.R. Tolkien Sharon Vaughn (f) Irving Wallace Joseph Wambaugh Bob Woodward I do not recognize any of these names as authors Scoring on the task will be taking the proportion of the correct items that were checked and subtracting the proportion of foils checked. Afterwards, on another page, participants will be asked the three mechanism questions with the adult question first and the next two in random order [all on an unnumbered 5-point Likert scale: 5=Enjoy(ed) a great deal, 4=Enjoy(ed) a lot, 3=Enjoy(ed) somewhat, 2=Enjoy(ed) a little, 1=D(o/id) not enjoy at all] Now as an adult, how much do you enjoy reading? How much did you enjoy reading as a child? How much did your childhood friends enjoy reading when they were children? Afterwards, all participants will be given the kids these days don't enjoy reading scale Kids these days scale-literacy: We would like to know your thoughts about how children of today enjoy reading. Compared to when you were a child: Do you think children these days enjoy reading more than they used to, less than they used to, or the same amount as they used to when you were a child. [more than they used to, less than they used to, the same amount as they used to=4] If more is selected: How much more do children enjoy reading compared to when you were a child: [a lot more=1, somewhat more=2, a little more=3] If less is selected: How much less do children enjoy reading compared to when you were a child: [a lot less=7, somewhat less=6, a little less=5]. **Note, the 'adults these days' question was accidentally left out of the procedures section, but the variables' presence in the pre-registered model should indicate it was originally part of the study.** Participants were then asked the adults these days question. The were first asked to enter their birth year. Then, they were asked: Compared to *birthyear*: Do you think adults today enjoy reading more than they used to, less than they used to, or the same amount as they used to in *birthyear*? [More than they used to/The same amount as they used to=4/Less than they used to] If they selected 'more' How much more do adults today enjoy reading compared to *birthyear*? [a lot more=1/somewhat more=2/a little more=3] If they selected 'less' How much less do adults today enjoy reading compared to *birthyear*? [a lot less=7somewhat less=6/a little less=5]. We will then, on a separate page, ask the participants their political orientation [7-1 unnumbered Likert scale from very Conservative=7, Conservative=6, Somewhat Conservative=5, Middle of the Road=4, Somewhat Liberal=3, Liberal=2, very Liberal=1] for use as a CV