This study aims to empirically expand the findings of our previous study (Van Wieringen et al., 2021) by looking specifically at the transmission processes within families from different extremist backgrounds. The research project will help to map the possible 'pathways' of children from radical and extremist backgrounds. The primary focus is on intergenerational transmission within families with jihadist and right-wing extremist views, given the potential threat associated with these ideas (NCTV, 2021). We are interested in the three central elements of ideological transmission: (1) the parents as senders; (2) the children as recipients; (3) the family ideology as an object of transmission. With the term 'parents' we do not only refer to biological parents, but also to foster parents, adoptive parents, and stepparents. In addition, we adopt a broad interpretation of the concept of 'ideology', studying the transmission of both cognitive and behavioral patterns within such networks. Central to this are not only the doctrines passed on from parent to child, but also the problematic (i.e., intolerant or violent) and non-problematic behaviors they may induce. This empirical study serves a descriptive, comparative and explanatory purpose. Descriptive research questions that will be asked in relation to the intergenerational transfer within these contexts are, for example: What is the prevalence of the intergenerational transmission of extremist ideas in the Netherlands? What are the narratives and transmission mechanisms with which children are exposed to these ideas – and how are they subsequently internalized? To what extent are children from these backgrounds able to break away from the ideologies they were raised with – and how do they look back on their childhood later in life? In order to explain these patterns, factors on the three dimensions described above (sender, recipient, and message) will then be examined, as well as the broader time- and place-specific context in which the transmission takes place. The assumption of the current study is that these factors play a crucial role in the extent to which and the way in which the transmission of radical and extremist ideas takes place (see also Van Wieringen et al., 2021). Finally, this study will attempt to compare the observed patterns of intergenerational transmission in various contexts. To what extent do the processes within jihadist and right-wing extremist families overlap, and where are the differences? Specific attention will be paid to differences and similarities in the stories of children from various backgrounds who have managed to break away from the family ideology. Such insights may help develop recommendations for interventions to counter intergenerational transmission and its long-term consequences. In answering these questions, we will use both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In order to create as layered a picture as possible of the mechanisms, factors and dynamics that play a role in the ideological transmission of parents in extremist networks, we will use various sources – including (case) file data, (auto)biographical material, and interviews with family members. We will be using data from various partner organizations in the Netherlands. In addition, we will make use of the interdisciplinary network of academic colleagues with various specializations, including Psychology, Social Sciences, Criminology and Law.