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論文「間接的な要求は直接的な要求と同様に服従を引き起こすのか―Stanley Milgramの実験パラダイムを用いた『忖度』の心理学実験」のpreprintです。 論文要旨:近年、間接的な発話から他者の意図を推測するという意味である「忖度」という語が、服従に似た行動を引き起こす現象として注目されている。本研究では、間接的な発話は直接的な発話と同様に服従を引き起こすのかということについて、Stanley Milgramの実験パラダイムを援用して検討を行った。大学生が実験に参加し、同じ実験に参加した他の学生(実際にはサクラ)が記憶課題に間違えるたびに唐辛子入りのドリンクを飲ませるように指示された。サクラがドリンクを飲むことを拒否した際に、参加者は、実験者から実験の継続を求めるような直接的な発話(n = 19)か、間接的な発話(n = 20)のいずれかを与えられた。間接的な発話を受けた参加者は、直接的な発話を受けた参加者のおよそ半分程度の確率で実験を継続する(すなわち、服従行動をとる)ことが示された。さらに、間接的な発話を受けた参加者は、サクラが唐辛子ドリンクを飲んだことの責任を参加者自身に帰属させやすいことも示された。これらの結果が、社会で起きている「忖度」の問題について示唆することについて議論する。 This repository holds the preprint for the manuscript (written in Japanese with English abstract) "Can indirect messages induce as much obedience as direct messages? A psychological investigation about 'Sontaku' based on the experimental paradigm established by Stanley Milgram." Abstract: Recently, the word “Sontaku,” which refers to speakers’ intention from indirect speech acts, has been illuminated as a process of inducing obedience-like behaviors. In the present research, we examined whether indirect messages can induce the same obedience as direct messages by referring to the experimental paradigm established by Stanley Milgram. University students participated in the psychological study and were asked to give a hot, spicy drink to another student (confederate) if the confederate made mistakes on a memory task. When the confederate refused to drink it, participants were given either a direct (n = 19) or indirect (n = 20) message regarding the experimenter’s intention to continue the experiment. Participants who got indirect messages continued the experiment almost half as often as those who got direct messages. Furthermore, they attributed the responsibility for such continuation to their own volition. We discuss what the present results indicate to the real-world settings of “Sontaku.”
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