Syntactic adaptation for reduced relative clauses is not reducible to task adaptation

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Evidence for syntactic adaptation, the phenomenon in which readers become more efficient at processing infrequent structures after repeated exposure, has been mixed. We examined adaptation to reduced relative clauses using Fine and Jaeger’s (2016) materials and new materials. Across three studies, we observed syntactic adaptation when task adaptation was controlled for using a novel, statistically powerful method. We found evidence for adaptation to violations of a transitivity bias that also appears to delay adaptation to subsequent reduced relative clauses in the same sentence. Finally, by analyzing reading times for each word, we demonstrate that syntactic adaptation tends to be localized.

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