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Organization of support and support for home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19: a scoping review Backgrond The sequelae resulting from the acute phase of COVID-19 have been widely reported in the international literature (LOGUE et al., 2021; MORIN et al., 2021). A recent cohort study carried out with Chinese patients one year after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus showed that 49% had some symptoms as a result of the infection, the most common being: dyspnea (30%); anxiety and depression (26%); muscle weakness and fatigue (20%); impairment of pulmonary diffusion (54% among the critically ill) (HUANG et al., 2021). One year after the acute phase of the disease, survivors have a lower health status than those who did not have COVID-19, matched by sex, age and comorbidities (HUANG et al., 2021). Systemic inflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection may further contribute to neuroinflammatory processes and increase susceptibility to neurological and/or thrombotic syndromes. Central Nervous System (CNS) infections can promote the development of neurodegenerative diseases in individuals who are already at risk. Thus, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the CNS can: lead to neurological changes directly; worsen pre-existing neurological conditions and/or increase susceptibility; aggravate the damage caused by other events, such as thrombotic ones, promoting cerebrovascular disease (FELICE et al., 2020). These facts now listed draw attention to the chronicity of COVID-19, providing survivors with sequelae and functional disabilities, which require intensive rehabilitation and home care. The partnership between rehabilitation/home care health professionals and caregivers is very important to guarantee support for people who suddenly assume this role and are not prepared to perform it. The caregiver is the link between the healthcare team and the patient. It is the person with whom healthcare professionals share responsibilities. In many cases, the caregiver is seen and treated as a simple performer of procedures with the obligation to comply with what was unilaterally prescribed by the home care professional. This situation produces tension, which can have a negative impact not only on the relationships established in the households, but mainly on the quality of care provided by both the caregiver and health professionals (DIAS et al., 2017). The COVID-19 pandemic brought demands for new roles within the family context, with the inclusion of an additional role for the family member, that of caregiver. This context is added to the most stressful care activities, due to the fear of new contamination, loss of a loved one, accumulation of multiple functions, social isolation and reduced economic and social support for families. Therefore, the following question arises: what are the support and support organization models aimed at home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19? It is worth noting that when carrying out a consultation on the OSF Registries there are no scope review studies on the proposed theme. This review is important because it aims to fill knowledge gaps, it will bring models of home care support and support organizations for the promotion and recovery of the health of home caregivers of people disabled as a result of COVID-19. Furthermore, it will be able to present important care models for the implementation of the managers of the Unified Health System (SUS) and will provide new perspectives for research on home care. The authority of the regulatory management of the SUS is relevant for the coordination of care actions in all phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and its organizational potential by realigning new models of health care and/or health services that promote better home care conditions for the binomial person disabled by COVID-19 and home caregiver. The pandemic exposed the need for a rapid review of health systems, for a timely response in integrated and universal health and social care services. Despite questions, limitations or weaknesses, the SUS, based on universality and decentralization, among other principles, has been understood as a relevant differential in the fight against COVID-19, given the potential for reaching its actions in an integral approach (GLERIANO et al., 2020). Objectives General: Map the support and support organization models aimed at home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19. Specific: To compare the support and support organization models aimed at home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19 in different continents of the world. Methods Study type: Scoping review. It is considered a more adequate method to meet the proposed objectives. The scoping review allows mapping fields of studies where it is difficult to visualize the range of material that may be available, as well as summarizing and disseminating research results and identifying gaps in the literature to make research propositions (MUNN et al., 2018; PETERS). et al., 2020). This scoping review will be guided by the guidelines of The PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews published in 2018 (TRICCO et al., 2018) and the Evidence Synthesis Manual published by JBI (PETERS et al., 2020). The registration of the review protocol will be carried out in the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io). Research question: When adopting the recommended PCC acronym for the formulation of the research question (PETERS et al., 2020), we have that: Person: home caregivers of people disabled as a result of COVID-19; Concept: home care support and support organizations; Context: home care in different regions of the world. Thus, the research question of this scoping review is: what are the support and support organization models aimed at home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19? Eligibility Criteria: This scoping review will consider the inclusion of studies that answer the research question, based on the PCC prepared. It is worth mentioning that we will consider the following conceptual definitions: a) Home caregiver is someone who takes care based on the objectives established by specialized institutions or is someone directly responsible. Its function is to ensure the well-being, health, food, personal hygiene, education, culture, recreation and leisure of the assisted person. It is the person, from the family or the community, who provides care to another person of any age, who is in need of care due to being bedridden, with physical or mental limitations, with or without remuneration (BRASIL, 2008); b) People disabled by COVID-19: people who have neuropsychiatric, motor and/or cardiopulmonary sequelae as a result of COVID-19 infection and who, from that point on, have functional dependence to perform their daily activities; c) Support and support organizations for home care: structured health services that include specific care actions for families and caregivers, with a view to offering adequate conditions for care, with a view to preserving family and social life (BRASIL, 2008). ). This review will include studies with different methods: experimental and quasi-experimental studies, including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, before and after and interrupted time series studies; analytical observational studies, including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional analytical studies; descriptive observational studies, including case series, individual case reports and cross-sectional studies, as well as qualitative studies and systematic reviews, provided they answer the research question. Studies published in any language and without time limit will also be included. Search Strategies: It will be defined in 3 stages: 1) from a test carried out in the Lilacs and PubMed databases/portal, with the following Mesh Descriptors/Terms and their combinations, synonyms and related terms: Home Care Services or Services Rehabilitation or Health Care Models or Social Support or Health Promotion and Caregivers and COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2; 2) Selection of the best search strategy, based on tests carried out in Lilacs databases and Pubmed's portal, verifying the inclusion of other descriptors, terms, keywords, considering the strategy that results in a greater number of studies relating to the theme of the review; 3) consultation of the bibliographic references of the studies selected and included in the review. Study Selection: After the search is complete, all search results performed in the databases/libraries and portals will be grouped and loaded into the Rayyan QCRI bibliographic software and duplicates will be removed. Titles and abstracts will be selected by two independent and blinded reviewers for evaluation based on pre-defined inclusion criteria. Potentially relevant sources will be retrieved in full and citation details will be imported into the JBI System for Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (PETERS et al., 2020). The full text of selected citations will be evaluated according to the inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers. Reasons for exclusion of full-text articles that do not meet the inclusion criteria will be recorded and reported. Any discrepancies between reviewers at each stage of the selection process will be resolved through discussion or with the participation of a third reviewer – the responsible researcher. The screening will only end when there is a proportion of agreement between reviewers equal to or above 75% (PETERS et al., 2020). Data Extraction: Data extraction will include the following procedures: 1) Title and abstract screening: titles and abstracts identified by searching the databases/libraries/portals will be analyzed for possible inclusion by two independent reviewers; 2) Full-text screening: data from full-text articles will be extracted using a form that will be constructed based on bibliographic information, country and year of publication, type of method adopted and the results concerning the PCC proposed for this review. Presentation of Results: The results will be mapped in the form of tables/diagrams, with the presentation of the regions of the world that have home care and support services for home caregivers of people disabled by COVID-19, as well as the types and the forms of organization of these services and the health professionals involved. Such results will be followed up with the elaboration of a narrative synthesis of the data, which can be constructed according to thematic categories that will appear with the reading of the selected texts.
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