Observation Oriented Modelling [Grice, 2011] was proposed to overcome some of the problems in the application of statistical inference methods in human and behavioural sciences. We review and refine this approach and show connections to methods well known in statistical learning. From this point of view it can be shown that Observation Oriented Modellng can indeed be appropriate for some of the tasks in the analysis of observed data. For a practical example, the revised method is demonstrated by analysing the effect of mindfulness training on attentional processes.
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Reference
1: Grice, James W. Observation oriented modeling: *Analysis of cause in the behavioral sciences*. Academic Press, 2011.