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Description: Learning a foreign language (L2) in a formal setting requires motivation and determination. A particularly consequential personality trait in this context is grit. Composed of perseverance of effort and long-term consistency of interests, grit facilitates the investment of energy over extended periods of time and the accomplishment of long-term goals despite failures, challenges and obstacles. However, no study so far has investigated the role and predictors of grit in improving L2 attainment in face-to-face vis-à-vis remote courses – or in distance L2 learning generally. This research, framed in the positive psychology perspective, will investigate how grit and its putative determinants: growth mindset, curiosity, resilience, and autonomy—non-trivially affect the effectiveness of in-class vs online L2 learning. Publication: Paradowski, M. B., & Jelińska, M. (2024). The predictors of L2 grit and their complex interactions in online foreign language learning: motivation, self-directed learning, autonomy, curiosity, and language mindsets. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 37(8), 2320–2358. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2023.2192762