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Description: Learning a foreign language (L2) in a formal setting requires motivation and determination. A particularly consequential personality trait in this context is grit. Composed of perseverance of effort and long-term consistency of interests, grit facilitates the investment of energy over extended periods of time and the accomplishment of long-term goals despite failures, challenges and obstacles. However, no study so far has investigated the role and predictors of grit in improving L2 attainment in face-to-face vis-à-vis remote courses – or in distance L2 learning generally. This research, framed in the positive psychology perspective, will investigate how grit and its putative determinants: growth mindset, curiosity, resilience, and autonomy—non-trivially affect the effectiveness of in-class vs online L2 learning.