***Praparatory Blog*** With Pre-registration with the OSF expected to take place in early 2024, there is a wide range of developmental tasks to complete on both the device itself as well as the methodology and related documentation. This blog serves to chart the main steps in that progression and on into the research study itself. Amongst the tasks is to further develop the generator/charger based on recent findings. These include tests undertaken on the simplest form of a device using a bifilar coil comprising a power winding, a trigger coil, and a power transistor. This has provided a sort of benchmark for the so-called radiant effects and has allowed me to find the optimum test parameters for the next device iteration. These include the optimum solenoid core, coil load voltage, coil spacing from the rotor and also the start charging point on the battery’s voltage-time charging profile. The development of an upgraded v5 device, based on the earlier v4 PCB and the results from the simpler bifilar coil device, is now underway and ready to be assembled and tested and for the exploratory work to continue over the next few months in preparation for the main study. --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/3CLZptJ/V5-Generator-Layout.jpg" alt="V5-Generator-Layout" border="0"> --- The main coil consists of 5 wires twisted together in what is known as a 'litzed' wire. Four of the windings are 0.85 (20awg) enammelled wire and one trigger winding of 0.57mm (23awg) wire. This ensures a strong field coupling during operation and a synchronisation of the 'flyback' pulses. --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/6H144MH/IMG-2460.jpg" alt="IMG-2460" border="0"> --- ***Main coil with 4 power winding and one trigger winding 'litzed' together for high magnetic coupling*** --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/TKcJXFm/IMG-2450.jpg" alt="IMG-2450" border="0"> --- ***Winding resistance measurements with a milli-Ohm meter*** --- The main and recovery coils will use a welding rod core (R45 material) which has been found to work best in this setup. Further comparisons will be done in the run up to the main project with fluted Ferrite rods that have been used in the exploratory work and which posses a high magnetic permeability 𝛍. --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/Zgr1vts/IMG-2522.jpg" alt="IMG-2522" border="0"> --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/2PBRXZm/IMG-2532.jpg" alt="IMG-2532" border="0"> --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/cX6VJ26/IMG-2533.jpg" alt="IMG-2533" border="0"> --- ***Preparing the solenoid cores using R45 welding rod*** --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/FBhrGtw/IMG-2548.jpg" alt="IMG-2548" border="0"> --- ***Selecting suitable matched resistors for the multi-channel trigger circuit*** --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/M6BbB5t/IMG-2551.jpg" alt="IMG-2551" border="0"> --- ***Similarly with the power transistors*** --- December 2023 Work has been ongoing to refine the pulse system and to provide additional testing options to achieve the highest CoP values in readiness for the start of the first study in February 2024. This has resulted in an updated design (V5A) that incorporates 5 channels, as with V5, with one channel that can be used with the additional ‘Recovery’ coils and triggered separately from the other four using either the rotor based ‘Trigger Coil’ or the PWM unit. This allows for various permutation of pulses including the interlacing with high intensity capacitive discharges to see if these, mixed with the HV pulses, provide better performance. --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/16fDFRc/Wiring-layout.png" alt="Wiring-layout" border="0"> --- ***The latest V5A PCB with its circuit connections*** --- The ability to observe the current waveforms at the negative terminal of the battery being charged is also of significant valuable. This is achieved with a type of Hall probe serving as a clamp meter and which can be inputted to a scope to see the resulting waveforms. --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/VvxTr3r/Measuring-current-waveform.jpg" alt="Measuring-current-waveform" border="0"> --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/Z62hvsW/Current-waveform-at-Neg-terminal.jpg" alt="Current-waveform-at-Neg-terminal" border="0"> --- ***Current waveform measurement setup and an example*** --- The use of an 80Ah AGM battery has also improved performance by presenting a larger 'interaction cross-section’ for the pulses and with a lower impedance environment. A dedicated pulse charger/rejuvinator (Renaissance RC-2A12) will be used to maintain the battery at its optimum performance with low levels of sulphation and minimal internal resistance, both requirements for optimum CoP measurements. This has resulted in a CoP of 3.09 (uncertainties not evaluated at this time) using the standard cyclic methodology of CBA (Computerised Battery Analyser) monitored pulse charging, resting for 3 min and then a controlled discharge at a C20 rate using the CBA. Work is underway to minimise the supply current (input energy) while maintaining the additional energy influx. This involves finding ways to maintain the MMF (Magneto Motive Force) and the Longitudinal Magneto Dielectric (LMD) in the coils while lowering the induced flyback component and which has the effect of lowering the supply energy and hence raising the CoP (total output energy divided by the user input energy). --- <img src="https://i.ibb.co/wy4ms7X/Co-P-3-09-Measurement-Data.png" alt="Co-P-3-09-Measurement-Data" border="0"> --- ***Measurement data (V5A) for a CoP of 3.09 with 3 single strand coils in series (uncertainty not calculated)*** --- ---