Date created: | Last Updated:

Category: Other

Description: CA/IL studies use the term particle to refer to small, uninflected words that can occupy different positions in a turn (e.g., Couper-Kuhlen & Selting 2018: 495). Thus, a CA/IL understanding of particles includes words that have been classified as interjections, i.e., elements than can form an utterance on their own (e.g., oh, mm-hm, yeah, okay; see Ameka 1992, Norrick 2009) as well as (discourse) particles that typically do not occur as an utterance of their own, such as connectives.