One aim of the project was to replicate the finding reported by Park et al. (2016) of a negative association between heart rate variability (HRV) - and thus vagal tone - and utilitarianism. We used German versions of the same set of 10 congruent and 10 incongruent moral dilemmas (cf. Conway & Gawronski, 2013) that was employed by Park et al. (2016) and analyzed the following three moral parameters (cf. Conway & Gawronski, 2013): (1) the proportion of decisions for outcome-based options in incongruent dilemmas (i.e., the traditional score), independent estimates of (2) deontology and (3) utilitarianism. Similar to Park et al. (2016), participants' ECG was recorded during a 5-minute resting period before the presentation of the moral dilemmas. In addition to heart rate data we recorded electro-dermal activity (EDA). Unlike Park et al. (2016) we found no association between HRV and moral judgement in the whole sample of n = 157 young adults. However, when taking potential effects of sex and the use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) into account, a more complex picture emerged. In free cycling women, a negative association between HRV and deontology was found while in COC users and men this association was positive. Furthermore, the respective associations were not found with the same HRV parameter (i.e., RMSSD) analyzed by Park et al. (2016), but, in women, with the natural logarithm (Ln) of high frequency (HF) power. Similar to RMSSD, Ln HF power can be used to estimate vagal tone (Egizio, et al., 2011; Shaffer & Ginsberg, 2017). Contrariwise, in men the respective association was found in our sample with Ln RMSSD. Taken together, our findings on HRV are not consistent with the findings reported by Park et al. However, while Park et al. reported higher HRV to be associated with reduced utilitarianism, we found (at least in men and COC users) higher HRV to be associated with increased deontology. Importantly, both reduced utiltarianism and increased deontology are linked at the behavioral level to decreased endorsement of harmful actions (even if carried out for the ‘greater good’). While HRV parameters like RMSSD or Ln HF power indicate parasympathetic activity, changes in EDA are solely the result of the sympathetic branch of the ANS. Contrary to HRV, EDA parameters were in our study not significantly associated with moral judgement. Only at the descriptive level, EDA parameters showed negative associations with deontology in free cycling women and men (but not COC users). However, more marked resting EDA was predictive of faster decisions in moral dilemma situations, as was higher resting heart rate.