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Description: Word forms such as walked or walker are decomposed into their morphological constituents (walk + -ed/-er) during language comprehension. Yet the efficiency of morphological decomposition seems to vary for different languages and morphological types, as well as for first (L1) and second-language (L2) speakers. The current study reports results from a visual masked priming experiment on different types of derived word forms (specifically prefixed vs. suffixed word forms) in L1 and L2 speakers of German. We compare the present findings with results from previous studies on inflection and compounding and propose an account of morphological decomposition that captures both the variability and the consistency of morphological decomposition for different morphological types and for L1 and L2 speakers.