# View the R Markdown file The rendered RMarkdown file for this project is hosted by GitLab pages at https://a-bc.gitlab.io/ciberlite-convergent-validity. # License The materials in the OSF and GitHub repo's associated with this project are licensed under the Creative Commons attribution share alike license (CC-BY-NC-SA; see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). This means that you are allowed to copy and distribute these files freely, but you’re not allowed to sell them. It also means that if you create derivative works (i.e. if you remix, transform, or build upon the material), you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. # Questions ## English | *Lead-in* | *Left anchor* | *Right anchor* | | -- | -- | -- | | I intend to [BEHAVIOR]. | Definitely do not | Definitely do | | I will [BEHAVIOR]. | Unlikely | Likely | | I am willing to [BEHAVIOR]. | False | True | | I plan to [BEHAVIOR]. | Absolutely not | Absolutely | | For me, [BEHAVIOR] is ... | Bad | Good | | For me, [BEHAVIOR] is ... | Unpleasant | Pleasant | | For me, [BEHAVIOR] is ... | Harmful | Beneficial | | For me, [BEHAVIOR] is ... | Boring | Interesting | | Most people who are important to me think I should [BEHAVIOR]. | False | True | | Most people whose opinions I value would ... of my [BEHAVIOR] | Disapprove | Approve | | Most people I respect and admire will [BEHAVIOR]. | Unlikely | Likely | | How many people like you [BEHAVIOR]? | Nobody | Everybody | | I am confident that if I want to, I can [BEHAVIOR]. | No confidence at all | A lot of confidence | | Whether I [BEHAVIOR] is ... | Not up to me | Completely up to me | | If I really wanted to, I could [BEHAVIOR]. | Unlikely | Likely | | For me to [BEHAVIOR] is under my control. | Not at all | Completely | Note: this list of operationalisations contains a few adjustments to the original scale as included in Fishbein & Ajzen (2010). Specifically: - for the planning item of intention, the anchors were adjusted from 'disagree'-'agree' to 'absolutely not'-'absolutely'; - for the attitude items, the lead-in was changed from 'My [BEHAVIOR] is ...' to 'For me, [BEHAVIOR] is ...'; - for the approval item of perceved norm, the answer options were made explicitly bidimensional by replacing 'improbable'-'probable' with 'disapprove'-'approve'; - for the second descriptive norm item of perceived norm, the question was rephrased to explicitly measure the perceived frequency of the behavior; - in the first perceived behavioral control item, the condition 'if I wanted to' was added to make the question answerable for all participants, and the answer scale was adjusted to explicitly reflect the degree of trust (from 'false'-'true' to 'no confidence at all'-'a lot of confidence'); - in the second perceived behavioral control item, the question was rephrased to allow answer options that explicitly measure the dimension from no control to complete control; - the number of response options was decreased from seven to five based on Lissitz & Green (1975), Preston & Colman (2000), Revilla, Saris & Krosnick (2014). ## Dutch | *Lead-in* | *Left anchor* | *Right anchor* | | -- | -- | -- | | Ik heb de intentie om [GEDRAG]. | Absoluut niet | Absoluut wel | | Ik zal [GEDRAG]. | Onwaarschijnlijk | Waarschijnlijk | | Ik ben bereid om [GEDRAG]. | Onwaar | Waar | | Ik ben van plan om [GEDRAG]. | Absoluut niet | Absoluut wel | | Voor mijzelf is [GEDRAG] ... | Slecht | Goed | | Voor mijzelf is [GEDRAG] ... | Onprettig | Prettig | | Voor mijzelf is [GEDRAG] ... | Schadelijk | Voordelig | | Voor mijzelf is [GEDRAG] ... | Saai | Interessant | | De meeste mensen die belangrijk voor mij zijn vinden dat ik [GEDRAG] moet [...]. | Onwaar | Waar | | Als ik [GEDRAG], dan keuren de meeste mensen die belangrijk voor mij zijn dat ... | Af | Goed | | De meeste mensen die ik respecteer en bewonder [GEDRAG]. | Onwaarschijnlijk | Waarschijnlijk | | Hoeveel van de mensen die zijn zoals jij [GEDRAG]? | Niemand | Iedereen | | Ik heb er vertrouwen in dat als ik dat wil, ik [GEDRAG] kan. | Helemaal geen vertrouwen | Heel veel vertrouwen | | Of ik [GEDRAG], bepaal ik ... | Helemaal niet zelf | Helemaal zelf | | Als ik echt zou willen, dan zou ik [GEDRAG] kunnen. | Onwaarschijnlijk | Waarschijnlijk | | Of ik [GEDRAG] is onder mijn controle. | Helemaal niet | Volledig | ## References Lissitz, R. W., & Green, S. B. (1975). Effect of the number of scale points on reliability: A Monte Carlo approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(1), 10–13. doi:10.1037/h0076268 Preston, C. C. & Colman, A. M. (2000). Optimal number of response categories in rating scales: reliability, validity, discriminating power, and respondent preferences. Acta Psychologica, 104, 1-15. doi:10.1016/S0001-6918(99)00050-5 Revilla, M. A., Saris, W. E. & Krosnick, J. A. (2014) Choosing the Number of Categories in Agree–Disagree Scales. Sociological Methods & Research, 43, 73-97. doi:10.1177/0049124113509605