Loneliness in Schizophrenia Dataset Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194021.s001 Related Publication: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194021 This data set contains 222 participants, 116 schizophrenic or schizoaffective and 106 control; categorised under diagnosis, 1 = schizophrenic or schizoaffective and 0 = control, (Eglit et al., 2018). Current anti-psychotic medication use was recorded using the defined daily dose for effect maintenance in adults according to the WHO, (Nosè et al., 2008). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics recorded consist of years of education; age of each individual; age of onset of schizophrenia; the duration they have suffered from schizophrenia: race, (1 = Caucasian, 2 = African American, 3 = Hispanic, 4 = Asian, 5 = Native American, 6 = Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander, 7 = Bi/Multi Racial, 8 = Other); marital status, (101 = currently married, 102 = currently single); living situation, (1 = Residing Alone, 2 = Residing with Someone, 3 = Board and Care); current personal income, ( 1 = less than 10,000, 2 = 10,000 – 19,999, 3 = 20,000 – 34,999, 4 = 35,000 – 49,999, 5 = 50,000 – 74,999, 6 = 75,000 – 99,999, 7 = 100,000 – 149,000, 8 = 150,000, 9 = do not know) and current family income, which is coded the same as current personal income. Participants also completed the Hollingstead four factor index of social position, which grades individuals as:1 = upper; 2 = upper-middle; 3 = middle; 4 = middle-lower and 5 = lower class/ social position. The results of which provide a rating for the current, highest and longest social position held (Hollingshead, 1975). The Short Form 36 was also implemented to provide a self-report of their overall physical and mental health, these components are separated within the data set (Burholt & Nash, 2011). A battery of tests provide an overview of the severity of the psychopathology in schizophrenic participants: the Calgary Depression in Schizophrenia Scale, (Addington, Addington & Matickatyndale, 1994), range = 0 – 27; the Brief Symptom Inventory Anxiety Subscale, (Derogatis & Melisaratos, 1983); the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms in schizophrenia, (Peralta & Cuesta, 1999), range = 0 – 170 and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms in schizophrenia, (Andreasen, 1989), range = 0 -125. An assessment of executive cognitive functions derived from a composite measure of the Trail Making, Colour Word Inhibition and Letter Fluency subtests from the Dells -Kaplan Executive Functioning System, (Delis et al., 2004), is also included, (composite score is the average z-score for the three tests). Positive psychological factors were assessed using: the four-item Happiness factor from the Centre for Epidemiological Studies—Depression Scale, (Radloff, 1977); the Lifetime Orientation Test – Revised, (Scheier, Carver & Bridges, 1994), a measurement of optimism, range = 0 – 40; the Perceived Stress Scale, (Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein, 1983), range = 0 – 56 and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, (Pavot & Diener, 1993), range 5 – 35. Participants also completed the UCLA 3 Loneliness Scale, which contains 20 items and has a range of 20 to 80. Only this test provides individual item scores, all others are composite scores. References: Addington, D., Addington, J., & Matickatyndale, E. (1994). Specificity of the Calgary Depression Scale for schizophrenics. Schizophrenia Research, 11(3), 239-244. doi: 10.1016/0920-9964(94)90017-5 Andreasen, N. (1989). The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations. British Journal Of Psychiatry, 155(S7), 49-52. doi: 10.1192/s0007125000291496 Burholt, V., & Nash, P. (2011). Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire: normative data for Wales. Journal Of Public Health, 33(4), 587-603. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdr006 Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A Global Measure of Perceived Stress. Journal Of Health And Social Behavior, 24(4), 385. doi: 10.2307/2136404 Connor, K., & Davidson, J. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression And Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82. doi: 10.1002/da.10113 Delis, D., Kramer, J., Kaplan, E., & Holdnack, J. (2004). Reliability and validity of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System: An update. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society, 10(02). doi: 10.1017/s1355617704102191 Derogatis, L., & Melisaratos, N. (1983). The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report. Psychological Medicine, 13(03), 595. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700048017 Eglit, G., Palmer, B., Martin, A., Tu, X., & Jeste, D. (2018). Loneliness in schizophrenia: Construct clarification, measurement, and clinical relevance. PLOS ONE, 13(3), e0194021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194021 Nosè, M., Tansella, M., Thornicroft, G., Schene, A., Becker, T., & Veronese, A. et al. (2008). Is the Defined Daily Dose system a reliable tool for standardizing antipsychotic dosages?. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23(5), 287-290. doi: 10.1097/yic.0b013e328303ac75 Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5(2), 164-172. doi: 10.1037//1040-3590.5.2.164 Peralta, V., & Cuesta, M. (1999). Dimensional structure of psychotic symptoms: an item-level analysis of SAPS and SANS symptoms in psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia Research, 38(1), 13-26. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00003-1 Radloff, L. (1977). The CES-D Scale. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401. doi: 10.1177/014662167700100306 Scheier, M., Carver, C., & Bridges, M. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063-1078. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.67.6.1063