Noisy evidence and plausibility influence structural priming

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Short abstract: When listeners interpret sentences based on plausibility rather than on the perceived syntactic structure, does this reflect top-down influences on their message-level interpretations while leaving the syntactic representations intact, or can plausibility influence both interpretations and syntactic parses? To investigate this, we assessed listeners’ interpretations of (in)plausible sentences with comprehension questions and used structural priming as an implicit measure of listeners’ representations of the sentence syntax. Listeners showed robust syntactic priming effects for sentences they interpreted according to the literal syntax, but no syntactic priming when their interpretations were instead based on plausibility. This suggests that rational integration of noisy input and prior expectations not only affects the interpretation of the message, but also affects the underlying syntactic representation.

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