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Description: FRENCH. Au cours de la dernière décennie, de plus en plus de travaux concernant les processus de lecture prennent en compte le niveau en orthographe des lecteurs adultes. Cet intérêt repose sur l’idée que la connaissance précise de l’orthographe des mots serait un indice de la qualité des représentations lexicales, elle-même essentielle pour assurer l’efficacité des processus de lecture. Cependant, il manque à l’heure actuelle un outil pour la langue française qui permettrait d’évaluer le niveau en orthographe lexicale spécifiquement chez l’adulte normo-lecteur. L’article présente les étapes de construction, de validation et de création de normes du test Brussels Orthographic Quality Scale (BOQS), qui évalue le niveau en orthographe lexicale dans la population adulte. Au final, ce test s’avère être simple d’utilisation, rapide, fiable et apporte une plus-value par rapport aux tests existant dans les batteries d’évaluation des troubles du langage écrit. ENGLISH. During the last decade, more and more studies investigated reading processes while taking into account the level of spelling abilities in adults. This interest rests upon the idea that a precise knowledge of word spelling is a good index of the quality of lexical representations, itself central to support efficient reading processes. Facing the lack of specific spelling ability tests in French for normal adult readers, the study aimed at developing the Brussels Orthographic Quality Scale (BOQS), a test of spelling ability. We started with a set of 150 words and selected the 25 items that were the most powerful to distinguish between good and poor spellers. These 25 items constitute BOQS. Then, we validated BOQS in normal adults readers by comparing it to the scores obtained in an orthographic decision task and to the performance in two other spelling tests used in batteries specially designed to detect written language disorders. The analyses showed that BOQS enables one to rapidly, easily, and reliably assess spelling abilities, and that makes it possible to distinguish people more finely than what is possible with current tests used by speech-therapists. Finally, we provide norms built on a very large sample of higher-education students, showing a normal distribution of scores, centred on 50% of correct responses. The test is freely available at https://osf.io/h8e5m/.