Abstract: We conducted three experiments to analyze the respective roles of the joint influence account (Francis et al., 2017) and the word production architecture account (Roelofs, 2005) as they relate to cross-modal Stroop asymmetry. In Experiment 1, which used color patches and measured responses over a varied time course, we found clear asymmetry in that there was a Stroop interference effect when participants named visual but not auditory targets. In Experiment 2, which used printed words with color instead of color patches and measured responses over the time course, we did not find clear “all or none” asymmetry. However, the size of interference in visual targets in Experiment 2 was still greater than in auditory targets. This asymmetry was layered because both joint influence and a multidimensional Stroop effect were involved. In Experiment 3, which was a replication of Experiment 2 that removed the multidimensional Stroop effect, we found that target integration played a key role in moderating the joint influence effect. Globally, we detected Stroop asymmetry, and while the results were consistent with both the joint influence and word production architecture account in some ways, they were interpreted as the joint influence account playing the most influential role overall. The implication of this finding was that the joint influence of multiple distractors played a major role in cross-modal Stroop asymmetry and its time course. Further research should be done to establish how integration moderates joint influence, as well as the contexts that the word production architecture account applies.