Data File: PENTBRZ (Description Only Codebook) 1) COUNTRY Country name 2) PSRAID Identification number 3) SAMPLE Sample type 4) RENEWLST Is the respondent a non-renewalist, Pentecostal, or Charismatic? Pentecostal is defined as belonging to a Pentecostal denomination or church, as indicated by responses labeled "coded as Pentecostal" in the Q4BRA. Charismatic is defined as non-Pentecostal Christians, who describe themselves as Pentecostal in question Q5C, or as Charismatic in question Q5D, or who say they speak or pray in tongues at least several times a year in the survey question named TONGUES. 5) GPWGT Weight for use in analyzing general public samples in each country 6) PENTWGT Weight for use in analyzing renewalists in each country 7) SATISFY Now thinking about (survey country), overall, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way things are going in our country today? 8) RELIMP Thinking now about religion, how important is religion in your life? Is it the single most important thing, very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important? [This question was asked in all countries.] 9) Q3BRA Do you consider yourself as belonging to a particular religion? If yes, which one: Roman Catholic; Evangelical [Evangélico] (or Protestant); Afro-Brazilian; Jehovah's Witness; Orthodox; Muslim; Hindu; Buddhist; No religion, not a believer, atheist, agnostic; Kardecist - Spiritism; Spiritism; Other religion? [Question asked in Brazil.] 10) Q4BRA [Ask in Brazil if Q3BRA = 2 "Protestant."] As I read a list, tell me which, if any, of these denominations you are affiliated with. Baptist [Batista]; Presbyterian [Presbiteriana]; Methodist [Metodista]; Another Protestant denomination (such as Adventist, Lutheran, or Congregational); Assemblies of God [Assembleia de Deus]; Christian Congregation [Congregacao Crista]; Church of the Foursquare Gospel; [Igreja do Evangelho Quadrangular]; Another Pentecostal or neo-Charismatic church (such as Brasil para Cristo, Casa da Bênção, Deus é Amor, Universal Church of the Kingdom of God [Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus], or Renascer em Cristo); Nondenominational or Independent Church; Something else. 11) Q5_A [Ask if Christian] As I read from a list, please tell me which, if any, of the following descriptions apply to you. Does this apply to you or not: Evangelical Christian [If respondent is Catholic, replace with "Evangelical Catholic"]? 12) Q5_B [Ask if Christian] As I read from a list, please tell me which, if any, of the following descriptions apply to you. Does this apply to you or not: Born-again Christian [If respondent is Catholic, replace with "Born-again Catholic"]? 13) Q5_C [Ask if Christian] As I read from a list, please tell me which, if any, of the following descriptions apply to you. Does this apply to you or not: Pentecostal Christian [If respondent is Catholic, replace with "Pentecostal Catholic"]? 14) Q5_D [Ask if Christian] As I read from a list, please tell me which, if any, of the following descriptions apply to you. Does this apply to you or not: Charismatic Christian [If respondent is Catholic, replace with "Charismatic Catholic"]? 15) PRAY_OUT How often do you pray to God outside of religious services: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 16) TONGUES How often do you speak or pray in tongues: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked only if respondent belongs to a particular religion.] 17) GROUPS How often do you participate in prayer groups, Scripture study groups or religious education programs: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 18) RADIO_TV How often do you listen to religious radio or watch religious television programs: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 19) SHARE_F How often do you share your faith with non-believers: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 20) READ_OUT How often do you read scripture outside of religious services: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 21) FAST How often do you fast: would you say every day, more than once a week, once a week, at least once a month, several times a year, less often or never? [Question asked in all countries.] 22) HELL Which, if any, of the following do you believe in? Do you believe in Hell? 23) HEAVEN Which, if any, of the following do you believe in? Do you believe in Heaven? 24) RAPTURE Which, if any, of the following do you believe in? Do you believe in the Rapture of the Church, that is, that before the world comes to an end, the religiously faithful will be saved and taken up to Heaven? [Question asked only if respondent is Christian.] 25) GOD Which, if any, of the following do you believe in? Do you believe in God? [Question asked only if respondent indicates any of the following: no religion, not a believer, atheist, or agnostic.] 26) REL_ALWS Have you always been a [if answer given in Q4, insert religious affiliation from Q4; otherwise, insert religious affiliation from Q3]? Question asked in United States if respondent belongs to a particular religion. In all other countries, question asked of all respondents. 27) Q9BRA What were you before? [Question asked only in Brazil if REL_ALWS = 2 "No."] 28) CHANGE How old were you when you changed your religion to your present religion? ___ years [Asked only if REL_ALWS = 2 "No."] 29) ATTEND Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services: more than once a week, once a week, once or twice a month, a few times a year, seldom, or never? [Question asked of all respondents in Chile, Guatemala, South Korea, and the United States. In all other countries, question asked only if respondent is not Muslim.] 30) TONGUES2 When you attend religious services, how often do they include people speaking tongues, prophesying, praying for miraculous or divine healings, or displaying physical signs of the spirit such as laughing and shaking: would you say always, frequently, occasionally, or never? [Question only asked if respondent is Christian and attends religious services more than "never."] 31) HEALING Have you ever experienced or witnessed a divine healing of an illness or injury? 32) PROPHECY Have you ever given or interpreted prophecy? 33) ANSWER Have you ever received a definite answer to a specific prayer request? 34) REVELAT Have you ever received a direct revelation from God? 35) DEVIL Have you ever experienced or witnessed the devil or evil spirits being driven out of a person? 36) GOODEVIL Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. The first one is: there are clear guidelines about what's good or evil that apply to everyone regardless of their situation. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 37) MIRACLES Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it: miracles still occur today as in ancient times. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 38) ANGELS Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it: angels and demons are active in the world. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 39) CONVERT [Question asked only if respondent belongs to a particular religion.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. [IF CHRISTIAN: Christians] [IF JEWISH: Jews] [IF MUSLIM: Muslims] [IF OTHER RELIGION: INSERT RELIGION] [IF ELSE: Religious people] ____ have a duty to convert people of other religious faiths to ___ [IF CHRISTIAN: Christianity] [IF JEWISH: Judaism] [IF MUSLIM: Islam] [IF OTHER RELIGION: INSERT RELGION][IF ELSE: their religious faith]. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 40) WORK [Question asked only if respondent belongs to a particular religion.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. [IF CHRISTIAN: Christians] [IF JEWISH: Jews] [IF MUSLIM: Muslims] [IF OTHER RELIGION: INSERT RELIGION][IF ELSE: Religious people] ______ have a responsibility to work for justice for the poor. 41) PROSPER [Question asked if respondent belongs to a particular religion or believes in God.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. God will grant material prosperity to all believers who have enough faith. 42) HEALTH [Question asked if respondent belongs to a particular religion or believes in God.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. God will grant health and relief from sickness to believers who have enough faith. 43) POLITICS [Question asked if respondent belongs to a particular religion or believes in God.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. God fulfills his purposes through politics and elections. 44) AIDS [Question asked if respondent belongs to a particular religion or believes in God.] Now I am going to read you a series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. AIDS is God's punishment for immoral sexual behavior. 45) SCRIPTUR Which one of these statements comes closest to describing your feelings about ____ [IF CHRISTIAN: the Bible] [IF MUSLIM: the Koran] [ELSE: sacred scriptures]? 46) MOSTIMP Which of the following is most important to you: your continent, your nationality, your religion, or your ethnic group? 47) ILLS [Question asked if respondent is Christian.] Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. The first one is: if enough people were brought to Christ, social ills would take care of themselves. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 48) ONLYWAY [Question asked if respondent is Christian.] Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. Belief in Jesus Christ is the only way to be saved from eternal damnation. 49) RETURN [Question asked if respondent is Christian.] Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each one, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it, or completely disagree with it. Jesus will return to earth in my lifetime. 50) EMPLOY Turning to another subject, suppose you could choose between different kinds of jobs. Which one would you prefer: being an employee or being self-employed? 51) INTERNA To what extent, if at all, do you think our country benefits from the greater influence of international business practices, trade, ideas, communication and products such as international foods and TV programs from other countries: would you say to a great extent, moderate extent, small extent, or not at all? 52) FINANCE Thinking about your own personal finances, how would you rate your own personal financial situation: would you say you are in excellent shape, good shape, only fair shape or poor shape? 53) FINANCE2 Over the course of the next year, do you think the financial situation of you and your family will improve a lot, improve some, get a little worse, get a lot worse, or stay the same? 54) HARDWORK As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Is hard work a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all an important factor in people's economic success? 55) FATE As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Is fate a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all an important factor in people's economic success? 56) ECONPAR As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Are people's parent's economic situations very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important factors in people's economic success? 57) FAITH_GD As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Is faith in God a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all an important factor in people's economic success? 58) GOVPOLIC As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Are government policies very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important factors in people's economic success? 59) CONNECT As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Are personal connections and contracts very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important factors in people's economic success? 60) IMPEDUC As I read from a list, please tell me how important each factor is in people's economic success. Is education a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all an important factor in people's economic success? 61) WOMEN1 Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each statement, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it or completely disagree with it. The first one is: when jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women. 62) WOMEN2 Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each statement, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it or completely disagree with it. On the whole, men make better political leaders than women do. 63) WOMEN3 Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each statement, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it or completely disagree with it. A wife must always obey her husband. 64) WOMEN4 Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each statement, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it or completely disagree with it. A working mother can establish just as warm and secure of a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work. 65) WOMEN5 Now I am going to read you another series of statements on some different topics. For each statement, please tell me if you completely agree with it, mostly agree with it, mostly disagree with it or completely disagree with it. Women should be allowed to serve as pastors or priests. 66) TRUST Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can't be too careful in dealing with people? 67) HOMOSEXU Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: homosexuality. 68) PROSTITU Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: prostitution. 69) DIVORCE Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: divorce. 70) EUTHANAS Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: euthanasia - ending the life of the incurably sick. 71) SUICIDE Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: suicide. 72) ALCOHOL Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: drinking alcohol. 73) SEXNOTM Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: sex between people who are not married to each other. 74) ABORTION Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: abortion. 75) POLYGAMY Please tell me for each of the following items whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified: polygamy. 76) TRUST1 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. First, how about people in your immediate family? Do you feel you can trust them a lot, trust them some, trust them only a little, or not trust them at all? 77) TRUST2 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about people in your neighborhood? 78) TRUST3 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about your city or local government? 79) TRUST4 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about the media? 80) TRUST5 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about our national government? 81) TRUST6 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about the military? 82) TRUST7 I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about people from other religions? 83) TRUST8 [Asked only if respondent belongs to a particular religion.] I'm going to read a list of institutions and people. For each one, please tell me whether you feel that you can trust them a lot, some, only a little, or not at all. How about people at your church or place of worship? 84) DISCPOLI How often, if ever, do you discuss politics with your family or friends: never, once or twice a month, once or twice a week, three or four times a week, or every day? 85) FREEDOM1 Here is a list of things that you can and cannot do in some countries. How important is it to you to live in a country where you can openly say what you think and can criticize the government? Is it very important, somewhat important, not too important or not important at all? 86) FREEDOM2 Here is a list of things that you can and cannot do in some countries. How important is it to you to live in a country where honest elections are held regularly with a choice of at least two political parties? Is it very important, somewhat important, not too important or not important at all? 87) FREEDOM3 Here is a list of things that you can and cannot do in some countries. How important is it to you to live in a country where there is a judicial system that treats everyone in the same way? Is it very important, somewhat important, not too important or not important at all? 88) FREEDOM4 Here is a list of things that you can and cannot do in some countries. How important is it to you to live in a country where you can practice your religion freely? Is it very important, somewhat important, not too important or not important at all? 89) FREEDOM5 Here is a list of things that you can and cannot do in some countries. How important is it to you to live in a country where there is freedom of religion for religions other than your own? Is it very important, somewhat important, not too important or not important at all? 90) PROB_CON Here is a list of things that may or may not be problems in our country. As I read each one, please tell me if you think it is a very big problem, a moderately big problem, a small problem, or not a problem at all: conflict between religious groups. 91) PROB_POL Here is a list of things that may or may not be problems in our country. As I read each one, please tell me if you think it is a very big problem, a moderately big problem, a small problem, or not a problem at all: corrupt political leaders. 92) PROB_MOR Here is a list of things that may or may not be problems in our country. As I read each one, please tell me if you think it is a very big problem, a moderately big problem, a small problem, or not a problem at all: moral decline. 93) PARTIC Some people say to solve our country's problems we should have a government that allows greater political participation by ordinary people and limits the power of individual political leaders. Others say to solve our country's problems we should have a leader with a strong hand even if there is little participation by ordinary people. Which comes closer to your opinion? 94) RELGRO In your opinion, should religious groups keep out of political matter - or should they express their views on day-to-day social and political questions? 95) GOV_MARK Please tell me whether you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree or completely disagree with the following statements: most people are better off in a free market economy, even though some people are rich and some are poor. 96) GOV_EAT Please tell me whether you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree or completely disagree with the following statements: the government should guarantee every citizen enough to eat and a place to sleep. 97) GOV_ABOR Please tell me whether you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree or completely disagree with the following statements: the government should not interfere with a woman's ability to have an abortion. 98) POL_BEL How do you feel about this statement: It's important to me that political leaders have strong _______ [insert respondent's religion from Q3 (Christian, Muslim, etc.); if respondent is not religious, insert "religious"] beliefs. Do you completely agree, mostly agree, mostly disagree, or completely disagree? 99) CHRSTATE Which comes closer to your view? 1) the government should take special steps to make our country a _____ [insert religion from Q3 (Christian/Muslim/etc.)] country, or 2) there should be a separation between _____ [insert church/mosque, as appropriate)] and state? [In the United States, if the respondent is "other religion," the words "Christian" and "church" were used.] 100) DISPUTE Turning now to events in the world today, in the dispute between Israel and the Palestinians, which side do you sympathize with more, Israel or the Palestinians? 101) US_TERR Which of the following phrases comes closer to describing your view? 1) I favor the US-led efforts to fight terrorism, or 2) I oppose the US-led efforts to fight terrorism. [Asked in all countries.] 102) POLSCALE Some people talk about politics in terms of left, center, right. On a ten-point scale, with 1 indicating extreme left and 10 indicating extreme right, where would you place yourself? [Range is from 1 to 10.] 103) ORGANIZ1 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] a) social welfare services for elderly, handicapped or deprived people 104) ORGANIZ2 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] b) education, arts, music, or cultural activities 105) ORGANIZ3 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] c) labor unions 106) ORGANIZ4 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] d) political organizations or parties 107) ORGANIZ5 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] e) local community action on issues like poverty, employment, housing, racial equality or human rights 108) ORGANIZ6 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] f) women's groups 109) ORGANIZ7 Please look carefully at the following list of voluntary organizations and activities and say which, if any, you belong to or participate in. [In the United States, respondents were asked: Which of the following voluntary organizations and activities, if any, do you belong to or participate in?] g) other groups 110) ORG_REL1 [Asked only if ORGANIZ1 = 1 "Yes, belong"] And when you participate in providing social welfare services for elderly, handicapped or deprived people, would you say that it's mostly through a church or religious group, or mostly through some other kind of group? 111) ORG_REL2 [Asked only if ORGANIZ2 = 1 "Yes, belong"] And when you participate in education, arts, music or cultural activities, would you say that it's mostly through a church or religious group, or mostly through some other kind of group? 112) ORG_REL5 [Asked only if ORGANIZ5 = 1 "Yes, belong"] And when you participate in local community action on issues like poverty, employment, housing, racial equality or human rights, would you say that it's mostly through a church or religious group, or mostly through some other kind of group? 113) ORG_REL6 [Asked only if ORGANIZ6 = 1 "Yes, belong"] And when you participate in women's groups, would you say that it's mostly through a church or religious group, or mostly through some other kind of group? 114) ORG_REL7 [Asked only if ORGANIZ7 = 1 "Yes, belong"] And when you participate in "other groups," would you say that it's mostly through a church or religious group, or mostly through some other kind of group? 115) REL_SERV How often do you - receive food or housing assistance, health care, or other social services - through a church or religious organization... frequently, sometimes, hardly ever or never? 116) REL_LANG How often do you - participate in language or literacy classes - through a church or religious organization... frequently, sometimes, hardly ever or never? 117) REL_JOB How often do you - receive job training or employment services - through a church or religious organization... frequently, sometimes, hardly ever or never? 118) GENDER Gender 119) AGE Now I would like to ask some questions about your background. How old were you at your last birthday? Record answer 120) CHILDREN Have you had any children? If yes, how many? 121) EDUC_BRA What is the highest level of education that you have completed? [Question asked in Brazil.] 122) ETH_BRA Which (ethnic/racial/tribal/nationality) group do you belong to? [Asked in Brazil.] 123) MARRIAGE Are you currently married, living with a partner, widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never been married? 124) INC_BRA Here is a list of incomes. Which of these does your household fall into counting all wages, salaries, pensions and other incomes that come in? Just give the letter of the group your household falls into, before taxes and other deductions. [Interviewer: show card of responses. Question asked in Brazil.] 125) EMPLOYED Are you now employed full-time, part-time or not employed? 126) REG_BRA Region of country where the interview was conducted 127) LAN_BRA Language of interview in Brazil 128) I-AGE Now I would like to ask some questions about your background. How old were you at your last birthday? Record answer (Recoded for use with online analysis) 129) I-EDUC What is the highest level of education that you have completed? [Question asked in Brazil.] (Recoded for use with online analysis) 130) I-GENDER Gender (for use with online analysis) 131) I-INCOME Here is a list of incomes. Which of these does your household fall into counting all wages, salaries, pensions and other incomes that come in? Just give the letter of the group your household falls into, before taxes and other deductions. [Interviewer: show card of responses. Question asked in Brazil.] (Recoded for use with online analysis) 132) I-RACE Which (ethnic/racial/tribal/nationality) group do you belong to? [Asked in Brazil.] (for use with online analysis) 133) I-RELIGION Thinking now about religion, how important is religion in your life? Is it the single most important thing, very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important? [This question was asked in all countries.] (Recoded for use with online analysis)