### Hardware * Apple eMac computers * CRT monitors * 17 inches * 1024 x 768 resolution * 89 Hz refresh rate * 56 - 60 cm view distance * Viewing aperture affixed to the monitor, constructed from safety goggles and a fabric tube ### Software * MATLAB 2007b * Psychophysics Toolbox version 3 ### Stimuli and Procedure The stimuli used were arrays of 6 Gabors presented on a gray background. These Gabors had a diameter of 56 pixels/1.6˚, with a spatial frequency of ~ 1.5 cycles per degree and a randomly chosen orientation. They were placed in fixed positions (at 0˚, 60˚, 120˚, 180˚, 240˚, and 300˚ relative to the horizontal) in a ring around a central fixation cross (0.3˚ by 0.3˚/10 by 10 pixel) at a radius of 75 pixels/2.30˚, measured from the center of the cross to the center of the Gabor. Each trial began with the fixation cross presented alone in the upper-left of the display for 500ms, followed by the onset of the Gabor array. The array immediately started moving downward along the left edge of the display for a distance of 13.09˚ of visual angle (426 pixels) at a constant velocity of 16.4˚ per second (6 pixels per refresh). When the Gabor array approached the lower left corner of the screen, it made 90˚ to the right by traversing a 100 pixel/3.07˚ arc and continued at the same speed for 18.99˚/618 pixels. When it reached the end of its path, the array offset and reappeared in the center of the display under the words “Click the one that rotated.” On every trial, one Gabor rotated 10˚ clockwise or counterclockwise over 26 refreshes (~292 ms). There were two possible conditions: * In the “arc” condition, this rotation occurred as array changed direction in the lower-left corner. In this condition, the rotation of the target could be either clockwise or counterclockwise. * In the “control” condition, this rotation occurred after the direction change, beginning when the array crossed the midline during the horizontal portion of its motion. In this condition, the target rotation was always clockwise. The target orientation change occurred equally often (4 times) at each of the 6 Gabor positions across the two arc conditions (clockwise and counterclockwise target rotation) and control condition, for a total of 72 trials. These 72 trials were randomly ordered for each participant. ![Schematic of experiment 2][1] Line segment indicates the interval of target rotation in the arc (blue) and control (orange) conditions. [1]: https://mfr.osf.io/export?url=https://osf.io/s9f6x/?action=download%26mode=render%26direct%26public_file=False&initialWidth=684&childId=mfrIframe&format=1200x1200.jpeg