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Description: Both overt response execution and passive listening to instructions (in prime trials) leads to item-specific repetition priming effects regarding both task-specific and stimulus-related classification (stimulus-classification, SC, priming; e.g., apple - small) and stimulus-related action (stimulus-action, SA, priming; e.g., apple – right key press) when stimuli re-occur (in probe trials). To address the influence of expectancy on item-specific SC and SA associations , here, we tested if item-specific SC and SA priming effects were modulated by the expected (merely instructed) probability of re-encountering individual SC or SA mappings (25% vs. 75% instructed switch probability). Published in Psychological Research: DOI:10.1007/s00426-021-01641-z