The purpose of this meta-analysis is to provide a comprehensive and systematic summary of the research on cognitive control biases in depression. The first objective was to determine whether depression-vulnerable individuals, including those with diagnosed clinical MDD, remitted MDD, and elevated self-reported depressive symptoms, show impaired cognitive control of emotional stimuli in both between-groups and within-groups comparisons and to compute estimates of the overall effect sizes and their heterogeneity. The second objective was to test whether characteristics of the sample and/or study methodology accounted for significant variance in the overall effect sizes.