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Description: Self-report measures are a commonly used method for assessing the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior (STBs) (Kleiman et al., 2023).However, several studies have shown that the use of risk scales failed to predict suicide attempts (Steeg et al., 2018). Therefore, in recent years there has been an increasing interest in the development of more objective behavioural measures in order to assess suicide risk, which may improve the detection and prediction of STBs. Behavioral measures offer the opportunity of capturing implicit cognitive processes that run automatically and unconsciously and are less affected by conflicting intentions. A promising approach for investigating such implicit processes is to assess selective attention toward suicide-specific stimuli. The Suicide Stroop Task (SST) represents a behavioural assessment tool that was developed for measuring an activated suicide-specific network, wherein an increased response latency on suicide-related words indicates a suicide-specific attentional bias. Cha et al. (2010) developed the first computerized SST. that was administered to recent suicide attempters and non-attempter psychiatric controls. Wilson et al. (2019) investigated the psychometric properties of the SST in a recent study that includes seven studies with the SST (N = 875). Results yielded no significant differences in all interference scores for the two-group (attempters vs. non-attempters) and three-group (attempters vs. ideators vs. controls) comparisons, demonstrating poor concurrent validity. They discussed several recommendations in order to improve the test, for example by using a blocked design format and increasing the number of stimuli per word category and critical trials. Thus, to optimize the psychometric properties of the SST, one aim of PRIMEX-S is to develop a modified version of the Suicide Stroop Task (M-SST) by taking the recommendations (e.g. a blocked design format, a greater number of trials and stimuli per word category, more different font colors) of prior SST research into account. We developed a modified version with a neutral, positive, negative, and suicide-related word category. Additionally, we developed an extended version with an additional suicide-related word category, which includes suicide-related positive words (see word material of the extended version). Results of a pilot study testing the extended version are reported in Gold et al. (2024). Within PRIMEX-S, we also applied a Death-Implicit Association Test (D-IAT) to investigate implicit associations with death in suicide attempters (n = 40), suicide ideators (n = 42) and healthy controls (n = 61). Furthermore, we examined deficits in behavioral impulse control with a Go/No-Go (GNG) Task in these three subgroups as a potential marker of suicide vulnerability.