**Abstract.**
Transgressors can be given a second chance if people judge that they are worthy. Do judgments of a transgressor's moral character change if their appearance changes? Across 5 studies (total N = 5,484) we examined how moral judgments about transgressors are influenced by incidental changes in appearance. We find that transgressors are consistently rated as more trustworthy and more moral if they had changed in appearance since the time of their transgression. Further, these positive updates in morality impressions are only prompted by changes in appearance and only for transgressors: impressions are not updated following changes in other character traits and the changes in appearance that make transgressors seem more moral have the opposite effect for highly moral actors ("saints").
**Study 1** -
- *Summary*: Participants (N = 709) viewed 4 targets (2 female, 2 male) that had committed a transgression about 2 years ago. The design was within-subjects. Two of the images depicted no change in appearance (control conditions) and two depicted an incidental appearance change (appearance change conditions). Participants then rated the targets on their perceptions (trustworthy, worthy of a second chance, remorseful) and how comfortable they would be with allowing the target to be within certain social distances (co-worker, friend, neighbor, etc).
- *Results*: Appearance changed targets were rated more trustworthy (p < .001), more competent (p < .001), more remorseful (p < .001), more worthy of a second chance (p < .001) and a better person (p < .001) than targets who had not changed in appearance.
**Study 2** -
- *Summary*: Participants (N = 758) viewed 4 targets (2 female, 2 male) that had committed a transgression in the past. Participants either saw images of the targets that depicted no change in appearance (control conditions) or images that depicted an incidental appearance change (appearance change conditions). Participants then rated the targets on their trustworthiness, remorse, worthiness of a second chance, and whether they had become a better person.
- *Results*: Appearance changed targets were rated more trustworthy (p < .001), more remorseful (p < .001), more worthy of a second chance (p < .001) and a better person (p < .001) than targets who had not changed in appearance.
**Study 3** -
- *Summary*: Participants (N = 1,157) viewed 4 targets (2 female, 2 male) that had either committed a transgression in the past (transgressor condition) or that had done a highly moral action in the past (saint condition). Participants either saw images of the targets that depicted no change in appearance (control conditions) or images that depicted an incidental appearance change (appearance change conditions). Participants then rated the targets on their trustworthiness, warmth, and likelihood to do good actions (e.g. return a lost wallet) and bad actions (e.g. drive home inebriated) in the future.
- *Results*: Appearance changes caused past transgressors to seem more trustworthy (p < .01) and warm (p = .024) than transgressors who had not changed in appearance. Appearance changes caused past saints to seem *less* trustworthy (p < .001), *less* warm (p < .01) and *less* likely to do good actions in the future (p < .001). The interactions between appearance changes and type of target (transgressor v saint) were significant for trustworthiness (p < .001), warmth (p < .001) and likelihood to do good actions in the future (p < .001).
**Study 4** -
- *Summary*: Participants (N = 775) evaluated 4 targets (2 female, 2 male) that had committed a transgression in the past. Participants read brief "About Me" facts about each target from 5 years ago and from today, with information about the target's favorite and least favorite foods, occupation, hometown, favorite color, and a hobby they are passionate about. In the change conditions, the targets changed between 5 years ago and today, either in their favorite food or their passion. In the control condition, targets did not change any of their characteristics. Participants then rated the targets on their trustworthiness, warmth, and likelihood to commit another offense or other transgression in the future.
- *Results*: Transgressors who had changed in traits were *not* rated as any more trustworthy, warm, or likely to commit a transgression than transgressors who had not changed in any way.
**Study 5** -
- *Summary*: Participants (N = 2,085) evaluated a transgressor that used to burglarize homes. Participants viewed two "identification sheets" - one dated 2014 and one dated 2019 - of the transgressor that appeared like driver's licenses but with most of the information blurred out. In the change conditions, the identification card of the target changed in one of three ways: 1) from being identified only by an identification number to having a name, 2) from having no allergy information to having information about a peanut allergy, or 3) depicting a change in appearance. In the control condition, the identification cards did not change between the years. Participants then rated the target on his trustworthiness, warmth, and worthiness of getting a second chance.
- *Results*: The transgressor was rated more trustworthy if the ID cards depicted a change in appearance (p < .01). No other change (addition of a name, addition of an allergy) had any effect on ratings of trustworthiness.