Better to be reliable than early: Cognitive-control effects on developmental parsing

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Children parse sentences word-by-word, which can lead to interpretation errors when initial misanalyses conflict with later-arriving evidence. Such challenges have been attributed to immature cognitive-control, though it remains unclear how exactly they are linked. We manipulated cognitive-control engagement via interleaved Stroop trials (congruent/incongruent) before Sentence trials (Exp1: early-arriving verbs, Exp2: later arriving verbs). We found that Incongruent Stroops caused children to more readily interpret sentences according to information gleaned from the verbs, regardless of whether verbs were prediction or revision cues. This suggests that cognitive-control fulfills the very general function of increasing reliance on reliable parsing cues like verb-specific biases.

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