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Deployment-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and job-level predictors
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Description: Operational deployment reflects a significant period in military service. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among military personnel is an issue that receives a large amount of attention, particularly in the context of operational deployment in relation to the experience of potentially traumatic events (e.g., Adler et al., 2008). A recent meta-analysis of military personnel investigating PTSD following deployment to the Iraq and Afghanistan conflict identified 49 papers emerging between 1991 and 2012 (Hines, et al., 2014). Yet, there is a dearth of meta-analysis investigating the role the job-related demands and resources play in relation to deployment related-outcomes. Personnel serving in deployment contexts also experience other demands, such as sleep disruption, barriers to fulfilling goals, ethical challenges (Kok, Herrell, Grossman, West, & Wilk, 2016; McCauley, Liebling-Kalifani, & Hughes, 2012). Other job-related demands also play a role in individual vulnerability to PTSD. Personnel serving in deployment contexts also experience such demands as sleep disruption, barriers to fulfilling goals, and ethical challenges (Kok, Herrell, Grossman, West, & Wilk, 2016; McCauley, Liebling-Kalifani, & Hughes, 2012). Other job-related demands also play a role in individual vulnerability to PTSD, as do recent life stressors (Bonanno, Galea, Bucciarelli, & Vlahov, 2007). Thus the backdrop of stressors has implication for the emergence of PTSD. Moreover, deployments may result in a range of other debilitating mental health concerns including: cognitive functioning, anxiety, depression, and burnout (Alder, et al., 2017; Black, et al., 2004; Booth-Kewley, et al., 2012). These may arise as a consequence of other job-related factors that have not yet been the focus of attention in the military context.