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Description: This page contains code to replicate the analyses from the article "Learning by doing or doing by learning? The interdependency between online privacy literacy and data protection behavior" published in the German Journal "Medien & KOmmunikationswissenschaft. Abstract: The use of and communication via social media is based on the exchange of personal data. This can lead to privacy risks against which protection is difficult. In order to use online services in a self-determined manner, a certain level of data protection is necessary. Increasingly, online privacy literacy is seen as a prerequisite for data protection. However, it is often questioned whether knowledge of online privacy actually leads to active data protection. The causality between online privacy literacy and data protection has remained underexplored: Do people with high online privacy literacy protect their data more? Or is it the other way around, and literate users protect their data more actively? Based on a sample of N = 898 Internet users that participated in a longitudinal panel study, we investigated the reciprocal effects between online privacy literacy and data protection. The results show that people who tend to be more literate with regard to online privacy, protect their data somewhat more actively. Conversely, however, privacy protection behaviors do not significantly influence online privacy literacy.