Individual differences in perspective taking: inhibition and switching across the lifespan

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Work on the role of executive functions (EF) in regulating communicative perspective-taking has primarily focused on inhibitory control in younger adults, the results of which are mixed. Less consideration has been given to comparing inhibition with attentional switching capacities in mediating perspective-taking across the lifespan, where cognitive differences may be especially relevant. In a referential communication task varying the presence of a visual competitor in common versus privileged ground, we find Age X Perspective X EF interactions for both inhibition and switching. Younger adults' perspective-taking was influenced more by inhibition, and older adults' perspective-taking more by switching.

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