abstract:
Although most cigarette smokers endorse a desire to quit and half try to do
so each year, the vast majority will relapse within days of a quit attempt
due to withdrawal symptoms. Emerging evidence has critically linked the
habenula, a small and understudied brain region with reward processing,
tobacco addiction, and nicotine withdrawal. Specifically, the habenula
inhibits dopamine-releasing neurons in the midbrain following the absence
of expected reward and also plays a role in dopamine neurotransmission. The
current study plans to investigate the activation of the habenula and other
brain areas implicated in nicotine withdrawal during a positive and
negative performance feedback task, the motion prediction task. This
presentation shows preliminary fMRI data from 24 abstinent smokers
performing the motion prediction task. The behavioral results of the motion
prediction task validated the task’s utility in this population.
Additionally, the habenula, bilateral anterior insula and anterior
cingulate all displayed increased activation following negative performance
feedback while the ventral striatum displayed increased activation to
positive performance feedback and decreased activation to negative
performance feedback. In the future, this study will compare abstinent
smokers’ task-related activation with that of nonsmoking controls. In
addition, this study will investigate whether two pharmacological smoking
cessation aids, varencline and nicotine, can reduce these task-related
brain activation differences in abstinent smokers.